Study On The Problems And Countermeasures Of Public Childcare Services Supply In S District Of C City

With the deepening of population aging and fewer children,China’s fertility policy is constantly adjusted.From the "selective two-child policy" in 2013 to the "universal two-child policy" in 2016,and then to the "three-child policy" in 2021,the fertility policy has experienced a process from limiting fertility to encouraging fertility.However,the promotion effect of the relaxation of the fertility policy on the fertility rate did not meet the policy expectations,China’s birth rate has been declining for five consecutive years from 2017 to2021.According to the survey,"heavy financial burden","no care for infants" and "female career development" are the three most important factors restricting families’ willingness to give birth.On May 31,2021,China began to implement "three children a couple can give birth policy and related support measures",the fertility policy adjustment will form a complete set of support measures to put the equally important position with the birth policy,public childcare service as an important supporting measures not only can solve the problem of "infant care",It is also of great significance to alleviate the problems of "female career development".At present,the supply of childcare services in China is seriously insufficient.It is urgent for the government to play an active role,constantly improve and improve the public childcare service system,promote the effective implementation and expected realization of the three child fertility policy,to further alleviate the current situation of "fewer children" and "aging" of China’s population,and promote the long-term balanced development of China’s population.This paper takes the public childcare service as the research object,based on the s District of C City,guided by the public goods theory and the new public service theory,studies the supply of public childcare service in S district of C City by using the methods of literature research,questionnaire and interview,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the government to increase the supply of public childcare service and improve the childcare service system.Firstly,on the basis of combing the research status at home and abroad,this paper explains the basic concept of public childcare service,public goods theory and new public service theory and their application in the supply of public childcare service.Secondly,starting from the investigation of the family’s demand for childcare services,this paper analyzes the characteristics of the demand for childcare services of 462 infant families in S district through the questionnaire survey method,and makes an in-depth interview with the heads of the S District Health Commission and the registered childcare service institutions through the interview method,in order to fully understand the current situation of the supply of public childcare services in S district.Then,on the basis of empirical research,this paper analyzes the problems existing in the supply of public childcare services in S district,mainly including:The total supply of childcare services is insufficient and the form is single;the operation of childcare institutions is difficult and the enthusiasm is not high;the number of employees is insufficient and the quality needs to be improved;the quality of public childcare services is uneven;The reasons for the problems are as follows: the supply and demand of public childcare services do not match,the investment of childcare funds and support policies are not enough,the cultivation and training system of nursing service talents is not perfect,the supervision system and mechanism of public childcare services is not perfect.Finally,for the existing problems,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for further improving the public childcare service supply system from the aspects of constructing diversified childcare service supply system,improving financial investment and guarantee measures,strengthening the construction of childcare service talent team,and improving the supervision and management system of childcare service.