A Study On The Effect Of Childcare Service On The Second Child’s Fertility Intention

Moderate fertility is a condition for the continuous continuity of human society,and low fertility has been plagued many countries including China.Increasing the population’s wil ingness to bear children has become a core issue facing modern governments.The traditional view is that as long as the fertility policy is liberalized,the birth rate will rise.However,since China implemented the comprehensive two-child policy in January 2016,the number of births has shown a downward trend,even lower than the fertility level before the “two-child alone” policy.,Most families that meet the policy conditions still choose to give up having a second child.Various phenomena indicate that China has begun to move towards a low fertility model with weakened fertility wil ingness.By relaxing the two-child policy to increase fertility wil ingness,it has been impossible to change the status quo of low fertility.Therefore,in order to increase the willingness to bear children and build a child-friendly social environment,childcare services have become an important measure to solve the problem of low population fertility in our country at this stage,which has aroused widespread concern in the society.This article studies the impact on the second child’s wil ingness to bear children from the perspective of childcare services.First,the cost-benefit theory and social support theory are used to analyze the impact of childcare services on the willingness to give birth to the second child.The analysis shows that childcare services can increase the willingness to give birth to the second child by reducing family parenting costs and providing parenting support.Then,using the survey sample data,the Logit model regression analysis method and the propensity score matching method were used to study the effect of nursery services on the second child’s wil ingness to bear children,analyzed whether there are regional and gender differences in this effect,and further explored nursery service institutions The influence of characteristics such as quantity and nature on the wil ingness to give birth to the second child.The research results show that childcare services have a significant effect on increasing the wil ingness to give birth to the second child.Through the propensity score matching method,it is found that due to the sample selection bias,logit regression analysis will underestimate the increase in childcare services to the second child’s wil ingness to give birth effect.The sub-sample regression results found that nursery services in southern Jiangsu and northern Jiangsu will have a significant impact on the wil ingness to give birth to the second child.Nursery services will have a significant impact on the willingness to give birth to the second child of female childbearing age groups,but it will have a significant impact on male childbearing age groups.The influence of the second child’s wil ingness to give birth is not significant.Further research found that the increase in the number of childcare service institutions will increase the willingness to give birth to the second child by about 3.2%,and public childcare service institutions can significantly increase the willingness to bear children.Based on the above research results,in order to increase the wil ingness to have two children and improve the low fertility rate of the population,this article proposes the following policy recommendations: first,improve the laws and regulations related to childcare services,and build a childcare service system;second,grasp the needs and increase childcare services Third,to encourage the development of diversified childcare services under the guidance of public childcare institutions;fourth,to strengthen support for childcare services in economically underdeveloped areas;fifth,to strengthen the training of childcare service personnel and improve Training mechanism for practitioners.