Research On The Problems And Countermeasures Of The Implementation Of The Policy Of Encouraging Childbirth In Jiangxi Province

As a specific measure taken by the state to objectively guide the changes in the number and quality of births in the field of population and fertility,the fertility policy is a major event that concerns the overall situation,the long-term,and the vital interests of the people.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,with the continuous development and change of the population,China’s family planning policy has been constantly adjusted and improved,from the "one-child" policy to the "two only two child" policy,later developed into the "two child alone" policy,then revised to the "full two child" policy,and finally adjusted to the current "full three child" policy,gradually liberalizing birth restrictions,expanding the scope of birth,and encouraging fertility.Jiangxi Province,as a province in the central economic region,has maintained a low rate of population growth,and its birth decline rate is far higher than the national decline.Jiangxi Province has been actively responding to the national fertility policy,becoming the second province in the country to complete the revision of the "Population and Family Planning Regulations" after the implementation of the three-child policy.However,in the past two years since the official implementation of the "comprehensive three child" policy,surveys have found that the implementation of the provincial fertility policy has become prominent,population development issues still exist,the number of births has not been significantly improved,the willingness of the residents to have three children is extremely low,and the fertility level is generally low.While encouraging fertility,efforts are insufficient to address the actual problem of fertility among residents.Taking Jiangxi Province as the research area,a sample questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the implementation of fertility policies in Jiangxi Province.Based on Smith’s policy implementation process model theory and Leibenstein’s cost-benefit theory,this article focuses on studying the problems existing in the implementation of the fertility encouragement policy in Jiangxi Province,and then analyzes the problems from the four aspects of the fertility encouragement policy itself,the executing agency,the target group,and environmental factors to find feasible optimization countermeasures.On the one hand,it is conducive to promoting the healthy development of the population in the province.On the other hand,it also provides certain reference significance for other regions in the country in terms of population development.In order to improve the implementation of the birth encouragement policy in Jiangxi Province,this paper puts forward optimization countermeasures for the implementation of the birth encouragement policy in Jiangxi Province from five aspects: increasing government publicity,strengthening department cooperation,implementing economic subsidies,adjusting supporting measures and improving the level of supervision: first,increasing policy publicity to guide the establishment of correct birth concepts.Utilize multiple channels such as grassroots communities and full media to carry out comprehensive publicity and guide residents to establish a scientific outlook on fertility;The second is to strengthen departmental collaboration and improve the service level of executing agencies.By combining multiple departments and introducing advanced technology to improve population data management level,while expanding the family planning team,improving the professional quality level of the team,and carrying out innovation;The third is to implement economic subsidies and build a comprehensive guarantee and support system.For example,formulating policies such as childcare subsidies and housing purchase subsidies,and improving the scope of maternity insurance population,maternity security measures,and maternity allowance distribution in the insurance system;The fourth is to adjust supporting measures and improve the services of relevant target groups.Including revising the maternity management measures,improving the investment and distribution of medical and educational resources,and protecting the employment of women of childbearing age;The fifth is to improve the level of supervision and promote the construction of specialized supervision institutions.Adjust the supervision agency,establish a comprehensive supervision system,and achieve simultaneous supervision from multiple parties.