Study On The Optimization Of Village "Two Committees" Principal "One Shoulder Pick" System

China has been constantly exploring appropriate rural governance modes which meet the needs of the development of the times since1949.In the early years of new China,under the background of the national strategy of giving priority to the development of heavy industry,it’s implemented a highly centralized governance model of "integrating government administration with commune management" in rural areas.At the end of the last century,our country carried out “the household contract responsibility system”,and established the rural governance model of "township regime and village autonomy" with "villager autonomy" as an important feature.With the the further development of the market economy system,the phenomenon of rural hollowing is more and more serious,and the contradiction of village party organization and village committee is sharpening.In order to enhance the influence of Chinese Communist Party in rural governance,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has promulgated different documents and policies showing that the party secretary of a village should serve as the head of a village committee through legal procedures since the the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.Such governance mode was also called "One Shoulder Pick" system,and it has become an important way of rural governance in the "new era".Since the comprehensive implementation of the "One Shoulder Pick" system,there has also been some problems presenting in the rural society,which are worth researching and discussing.This paper investigates the origin,development and current situation of carrying out the "One Shoulder Pick" system in China.On the one hand,through extensive reading of literature,the historical background of the introduction of the "One Shoulder Pick" system is deeply explored in the paper,and the concepts and theories related to the "One Shoulder Pick" governance model is sorted out.On the other hand,through case study and semi-structured interview,taking town A as the research sample,the specific situation of the implementation of the "One Shoulder Pick" system in the village was investigated.From the theoretical perspective of governance theory and structure-function theory.This paper analyzes the problems and related reasons appearing in the implementation of the "One Shoulder Pick" system,and puts forward the optimization countermeasures for the "One Shoulder Pick" system.Through research and analysis,the problems in the implementation of the "One Shoulder Pick" system can be: the "One Shoulder Pick" principal feels it difficult to perform duties;"One Shoulder Pick" principal is difficult to be supervised;and there appear new negative factors that do bad to the unity of village party organization and village committee.With the help of governance theory and structure-function theory,the main reasons include the improvement of work requirements,and the principal lacking the competence;shortage of reserve talents,and the outdated supervision system;the low-level welfare,and the improper resettlement policy for the also-ran and so on.This paper puts forward countermeasures,like broadening the channels of "One Shoulder Pick" principal candidates,strengthening education and training system;enhancing the level of the principal’s welfare and improving the resettlement policies for also-ran and so on.Such countermeasures are intended to improve the governance level of grassroots organization in our country,and provide reference to achieve the goal of rural governance modernization.