The Reasearch Of The Necessary Meaning Command Adverb In Taeaching Chinese As A Second Language In Japan

The "command adverb" is one of the most frequently used adverbs in modern Chinese,and it is also a key point and difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Among them,the "necessary" adverbs are rich in usage and semantics when they are used to express the tone of command.There is a lot of research on these adverbs in China and abroad.However,there are no detailed research results in the field of teaching Chinese to native speakers of Japanese.The main purpose of this paper is to examine Japanese learners’ learning of these intonational adverbs when they are used to express commands,and to apply the results of this study to the practice of teaching Chinese to Japanese speakers.In this paper,we first analyze and explain the necessary class of imperative adverbs in three dimensions:semantics,syntactic distribution and discourse function,define the specific research scope,and delineate three typical words among them-"必须","千万",and"一定"-for subsequent in-depth study.An intra-linguistic comparative analysis of these three typical words is done,followed by a comparative study with the common declarative adverbs in Japanese imperative expressions and an examination of common forms of Japanese-Chinese translations.The linguistic differences between the communicative expressions of command speech acts in Chinese and Japanese are analyzed from a cultural perspective,and the different expressions of command tone in direct and indirect expressions in Japanese and Chinese are discussed.The paper designs and implements a questionnaire survey based on the application of typical words,analyzes the results of the survey statistically,and summarizes the main types and sources of bias in Japanese learners’use of the necessary types of imperative adverbs,and proposes teaching suggestions and learning strategies accordingly.This paper is expected to be helpful for Japanese learners in acquiring imperative adverbs,mastering Chinese command expressions,and teaching these adverbs to foreign students.