The Research On The Evolution Of Private Middle Schools’ Educational Subjects In Modern Shanxi Province

In modern Shanxi Province,private middle schools were developing rapidly.Therefore,their educational subjects were diverse.However,different subjects occupied a unique position in different periods.By studying the evolution of educational subjects,we can explore different teaching methods and characteristics under different subjects,on the other hand,we can also sort out the development of private middle schools in modern Shanxi Province.By collecting historical materials of private middle schools in modern Shanxi Province,including local Chronicles,educational Chronicles,educational statistical yearbook,compilation of educational laws,compilation of speeches,memoirs,and school history compiled by private middle schools,the evolution of educational subjects in modern Shanxi Province is summed up.In the meantime,literature research method and quantitative historiography are used through the analysis of historical materials.During the process,this paper also persists combining the qualitative analysis with the quantitative study.In the late Qing Dynasty,the development of private middle schools in Shanxi Province was not flourishing.The only private middle school at that time was founded by Jin-merchant Chang family.During the process of running schools,Chang family’s educational ideas was changing,from pursuing a career as “businessmen to Confucians” to “pragmatism”.Therefore,the new education gradually sprouted.Under the guidance of its educational ideas,the approaches and practices in running schools gradually stepped into new education.In the 1920 s,private middle schools started to develop.At that time,the main educational subject of private middle schools was the warlord Yan Xishan.His philosophy is a mixture of public and private.Yan Xishan wanted to cultivate talents for his own use,but also wanted them to contribute to the development of Shanxi Province.Then he strengthened school management and used unique school management measures to try to get closer to modern education.And missionary middle schools,as a special type of private middle schools,were run by missionaries,whose main purpose was to cultivate Christian missionary talents.However,with the development of society,the purpose of missionaries began to change.They began to pursue to cultivate high-quality talents.Under the guidance of this educational concept,the management staff,funds,courses and so on had changed accordingly.Therefore,missionary middle schools embodied both religious and secular situation.In the 1920 s,raising fund to start schools became a trend,so the patriotic youths began to establish private middle schools one after another.Under the guidance of the idea of saving the country through education,they ran schools scientifically and rationally,and achieved good results in running schools.During the development of private middle schools in Shanxi Province,the private middle schools founded by Jia Kangjie,a member of Communist Party of China,was also important.On the way of spreading new ideas and new culture,Jia Kangjie actively ran schools to cultivate revolutionary cedars,and paid attention to the spread of revolutionary ideas both in teaching and practice.By studying the evolution of private middle schools’ educational subjects in modern Shanxi Province,the connotation of educational history is enriched.On the other hand,the academic value of regional educational history can be cleared.At the same time,it can provide historical reference for the development of private schools in this day.