Research On Private Vocational Schools Moving To Chongqing In War(1937—1945)

With the deepening of China’s modernization,vocational education has been developing rapidly.Especially after the Northern Expedition,the political stability promoted the development of vocational education.However,the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War broke the previous relatively stable situation,forcing the 11 private vocational schools in this paper to move to Chongqing to continue to run schools.The special circumstances of the war made it difficult for vocational education to continue,but on the other hand,the adjustment of social and economic structure caused by the war and the urgent need of preparing for war also brought new development to vocational education.Although this batch of Chongqing private vocational schools were in different stages of development and moved to Chongqing in different time periods,they all have similar characteristics:Firstly,they followed social changes and adjust their major courses to meet the changing social demands for talents,and took the advantages of their unique courses and flexibility in school operation to attract different levels students enrolled;Secondly,under the limitation of objective conditions such as lack of funds,they still payed attention to the construction of teachers and the education and training of students in knowledge,skills,practice and moral character,and persisted in running the school by overcoming various difficulties.At the same time,these private vocational schools also made their own contributions to the Anti-Japanese War and the development of vocational education.They not only provided a large number of professional graduates,but also improved Chongqing vocational education system during the war;At the same time,the spirit core formed during hard time of each school has inspired a session after session of students;In addition,it has made important efforts to improve public cognition of vocational education.Of course,the development of the private vocational schools in Chongqing during the war was hindered by many factors,such as the political situation,social economy and so on.However,it took a good exploration in terms of how to adjust,adapt and develop themselves in the rapidly changing social and economic structure and provides valuable experience for today’s vocational schools which are also in the similar situation of fast changing society.