| Purpose:1.To understand the mental health status of freshmen in Yan ’an University and analyze the factors that affect the mental health of freshmen.2.The construction of college students’ mental health management model,the freshman mental health management,observation of management before and after the freshman mental problems have been improved,to verify the application effect of our mental health management model,for the future college students to build mental health management model to provide a certain scientific basis.At the same time,it provides some data basis for the national construction of college students’ mental health management model.Methods: The mental health management model was constructed.Under the guidance of this model,the psychological status of 1520 freshmen in Grade 2021 of Yan ’an University was assessed and mental health education was conducted.Then 200 students were randomly selected from 1520 of them for group intervention and individual intervention to evaluate the application effect of the mental health management model.Investigation tools included: general information questionnaire,Symptom Check List 90(SCL-90).Excel database was established and SPSS 25.0 was used for data analysis.The normality test of1520 freshmen in university showed that they did not meet the normal distribution in all dimensions.However,since Likert scale we used could assume that they were normally distributed,descriptive statistics and t test were adopted.All analyses were bilateral tests with a confidence level of α=0.01,and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:1.Analysis of SCL-90 scale for freshmen from three colleges: Among the 1520 freshmen in this study,445 had mild or above psychological distress level with factor average score ≥2,accounting for 29.28% of the effective samples.In 1520 freshmen,the positive detection rate of each factor of SCL-90 scale was found that obsessive-compulsive symptoms ranked the top three,with 368(24.21%)detected.The second is sensitive to interpersonal relationship,with 203 people(13.36%).Depression ranked third,with 151patients(9.93%).Somatization was the least common symptom,with 62 patients(4.09%)detected.According to the SCL-90 analysis,the factors from high to low were obsessivecompulsive disorder,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,paranoia,hostility,psychosis,terror,and somatization.The average scores of all factors in the SCL-90 scale of freshmen were compared with the norms of domestic youth.The results showed that all factors were statistically significant(all P < 0.05),and the average scores of 9 factors were lower than the norms of domestic youth.The comparison between the average score level of each factor of the SCL-90 scale of freshmen and the norm of Chinese adults showed that there were statistical significance in the six aspects of somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility and paranoia(all P < 0.05),and the average score of these six factors were lower than the norm of Chinese adults.However,the scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and terror were significantly higher than the domestic adult norm.2.Comparison of factors affecting the mental health of freshmen in three colleges: The comparison of the average score of SCL-90 of freshmen in gender showed that the male group and the female group had statistical significance in obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety and terror(all P < 0.05),indicating that the average score of female students was higher than that of male students.The comparison of the average score of freshman SCL-90 in the only child group and the non-only child group showed that there was no statistical significance between the two groups(P > 0.05).The comparison results of the average score of SCL-90 of freshmen in different places of origin showed that there was no statistical significance among the students from cities,towns and rural areas(all P > 0.05).The comparison results of the average score of SCL-90 of freshmen in different colleges showed that there were statistically significant differences in obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety and terror among the three colleges(all P < 0.05).The School of Life Sciences had higher scores for obsessivecompulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety than the school of Medicine,which had higher scores than the school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.The School of Life Sciences scored higher than the school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,and the school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering scored higher than the school of medicine.3.Comparison of SCL-90 average scores of 200 freshmen after management: The comparison of SCL-90 scores of 200 freshmen before and after management showed that there were statistically significant differences in obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,paranoia and psychosis between the two groups(all P < 0.05).And the average score of each factor after management is smaller than that before management.After management,the average scores of all factors in SCL-90 scale of 200 college freshmen were compared with the norms of domestic youth.The results showed that the average scores of all factors were statistically significant(all P <0.05),and the 9 factor scores were lower than the norms of domestic youth.The average scores of all factors in SCL-90 scale of 200 college freshmen after management were compared with the domestic adult norms.The results showed that there were statistical significance in the six aspects of somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility and paranoia(all P < 0.05),and the average scores of all factors were lower than the domestic adult norms.Conclusion:1.The first year of college is a period of high incidence of psychological problems,gender and professional factors will affect the level of mental health of college students,should be as early as possible to intervene in psychological problems of college students.2.The application of mental health management mode can effectively improve the level of mental health of college students,and with the continuous and in-depth application of mental health management mode,the bad psychological problems of college students have been greatly improved. |
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