| BackgroundWorld Health Organization (WHO) in "Almaty" Declaration reiterated:Health is not just absence of disease or infirmity, but also have a good mental state and social adaptability. Prevention and treatment of mental disorders and promote mental health population level, is an important public health concern areas. World Health Organization defined health literacy:Health literacy represents the cognitive and social skills that determining the individual has the motivation and the ability to access, understand and use information, and promote and maintain health through these channels. Health literacy level has a significant impact on health-related aspects, including health knowledge, health status and use of health service. Many studies have shown that people with low health literacy have negative impact on overall health status and national health systems, such as leading to increase investments in public and national health and to waste health resources.Mental health literacy derived from health literacy. Jorm defined as: The knowledge and belief of helping people understand, deal with or prevent mental disorders.Mental disorders is a common disease, epidemiological study estimated lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in nearly20%in China. Early2009, the Ministry of Health Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention data shows, neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide in the total burden of disease has been ranked first place in our country, accounting for20%of the total burden of disease. It is predicted that the proportion of this burden will rise to one fourth of the total burden of disease by2020. If the public had higher levels of mental health literacy, they could identify mental disorders more early get appropriate intervention. So improving mental health literacy of citizens mental health has an important significance to society and individuals. ObjectiveThrough the study of mental health literacy of residents in our country, improving mental health literacy of citizens, promoting mental health work. Specific research objectives include:1.To describe the three urban residents'mental health knowledge and the influence factors of mental health knowledge level; the main way to access to mental health knowledge of public.2. To clearing the major drawback of our public's mental health knowledge.3. To study mental illness awareness of residents and families of patients, and the mental health impact factors of attitude of urban residents, analysis of the relationship between mental health knowledge level of residents and attitudes.4. To study urban residents'recognition, attribution, help, attitudes and so on of mental illness.5. Based on the above findings, putting forward the proposal to increase public's mental health knowledge. Give advice about publicity and education of mental health literacy.MethodsIn this study, a random sampling method is selected, and three survey points are chosen in China's eastern, central and western, taking three respectively city the east of Wuxi, Changsha in central and western city of Xi'an. A multi-stage stratified random sampling method is selected.1. High school students:the three survey points randomly selected two high schools, in the drawn stratified by grade and the class as a unit sampling, pumping all the students in the class sample. Each middle school takes480students.2. College students:the three survey points randomly selected two universities, in the drawn stratified by grade and professional and the class as a unit sampling, Each college take480students.3. City residents:the three survey points randomly selected one community (neighborhood), randomly selected480for each family household survey, all in the family over15years of age and resident population of randomly selected people to investigate. Each community takes480residents.4. Mentally ill family members:the survey point is Xi'an Mental Health Center clinic in October2007.Survey Exclusion criteria:(1) who can not communicate properly with the investigators with cognitive dysfunction;(2) who can not communicate properly with investigators with disturbance of consciousness.Study contents1. Mental health-related basic knowledge research(1) General demographic data (name, age, sex, education level, etc);(2) Mental health knowledge score, describing the three urban public mental health knowledge, to compare different regions, age, sex, educational level of public knowledge about mental health conditions, analysis of the dependent factors of mental health knowledge level;(3) The complexion of residents contact with mental illness patients;(4) Ways to access mental health knowledge and mental health work situation in the survey point.2. The attitude research to mental illness of city resident(1) the attitude to mental illness of city resident and families of patients with mental illness;(2) Comparison the attitude of mental illness with different demographic data, behavioral data, analysis of the dependent factors of mental health attitude;(3) Analysis of the relations among mental health-related basic knowledge, mental illness attitude and education level. 3. Five common mental disorders of cognition and attitude researchPublic recognition of common mental disorders, due to, help, attitudes in three urban.Results1. Basic demographic survey8,000questionnaires were distributed,7309valid questionnaires were a response rate of91.4%. A total of3159people including high school students (43.2%), college students who were2939(40.2%), community of1211people (16.6%). Wuxi,2483people (34.0%), Changsha,2324people (31.8%), Xi'an,2502people (34.2%).2. Mental health-related basic knowledge research(1) knowledge of mental health scores range from0to13, the average score of6.48±2.08.(2) By monothetic analysis, differrent local, crowd, gender, ethnicity, age, education, access to mental health knowledge, received mental health-related publicity material, exposure of patients with mental illness have affects to mental health-related basic knowledge scores. Logistic regression analysis model using regression analysis, the sample for Changsha, Xi'an, ethnicity, age, educational level, taken through the ways of the film and television, newspapers, magazines, classroom, online, received mental health-related publicity material enter the regression equation.χ2=292.293, P=0.000, so the regression equation was statistically significant3. The attitude research to mental illness of city resident(1) The scale's mean score of Three city resident awareness was2.98±0.58, and the family group's mean score was2.74±0.47.(2) By monothetic analysis, differrent local, crowd, gender, ethnicity, education, access to mental health knowledge, received mental health-related publicity material, exposure of patients with mental illness, level of mental heath awareness have affects to mental health attitude. Logistic regression analysis model using regression analysis, the sample for Changsha, Xi'an, students, community residents, ethnic, age, educational level, taken through the ways of film and television, newspapers, magazines, classroom, online, received mental health-related publicity material enter the regression equation. χ2=284.508, P=0.000, so the regression equation was statistically significant(3) Mental health attitude, awareness and education have low degree of correlation.4. Five common mental disorders of cognition and attitude research(1) Respondents correctly identified the highest rate of mania, up54.1%, while the lowest is schizophrenia of negative symptoms, only11.2%, an average identified is41.7%of5cases.(2) Five cases have been recognized up to three reasons for the (average):27.3%of character issues,28.1%of hit by,31.3%of working pressure.(3) The situation of mental disorders helping, to mention most of the two proposals as follows:31.8%see psychiatric, psychological counseling36.7%, nearly70%. Second, find a reliable friend or family member to chat and express their pain was15.3%; subjects,64.6%believe that remission of depression itself,41.4%of the subjects believe that will ease their own obsessive-compulsive disorder, which means that if this situations they are likely to not seek professional help.(4)58.8%of the subjects said they may also occur in the future situation of depression;84.5%of the subjects said that mania may increase the likelihood of injury to others;92.6%of subjects that depression can adapt to society again; for as neighbors or colleagues, schizophrenia and mania is the most denial, the acceptance of depression, is higher. Conclusions1. The characteristics of mental health-related basic knowledge(1) Mental health awareness is49.8%in2007in three cities of Changsha, Xi'an, Wuxi of china. Lacking of knowledge about mental illness and symptoms, publicity and education of mental health knowledge should be strengthened.(2) Comparative urban resident mental health knowledge between the social demography and the life behavior, Han, age greater than or equal35years, through film and television, newspapers, magazines, classroom, online way to get basic mental health knowledge, received mental health-related publicity material have a positive effect to improve the level of mental health awareness.(3) There is a lower level of mental health awareness of high school students, minorities, education level below junior middle school, which should have focused publicity to this part of the populations in the future.2. The characteristics of mental illness attitude(1)The attitude to mental illness of city resident was not as good as families of patients with mental illness, which both are neutral attitude of positive cognitive bias.(2)College students, community residents, minorities, not received mental health-related publicity material, fail to mental health awareness are risk factors of mental illness attitude. Getting mental health knowledge through internet is a protect factor of mental illness attitude.(3)Mental health attitude, knowledge and education have low degree of correlation.3. The characteristics of five common mental disorders of cognition and attitude(1)Five common mental disorders in the diagnostic accuracy of41.7%on average. Diagnosis of mania is on the highest rate of correct, schizophrenia of negative symptoms is the lowest recognition rate. The Diagnosis of neurasthenia has a deeper impression in the public. (2)College student was lower than high school students.Male, non-Han, observation of life have been taken to obtain mental health knowledge, fail to mental health knowledge are risk factors of diagnosis of mental disorders. through newspapers, magazines access to mental health knowledge is protective factors of diagnosis of mental disorders.(3)Our subjects tend to the outside attribution and provide recommendations such as to look at psychiatric or psychological counseling, social networking based on the positive symptoms of schizophrenia and mania is the most rejected. That the schizophrenia (positive symptom) was the worst prognosis.Recommendation1. To improve the community's attention on mental health literacy.2. To improve the common recognition and attribution of mental illness.3. To change the attitude of mental illness of the citizens and give publicity to self-advocacy and professional way to help.4. To promote mental health knowledge with multi-ways.5. To strengthen mental health education in schools...
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