| Production function space,living function space and ecological function space,including biophysical function,direct and indirect production,spiritual,cultural,leisure and aesthetic needs,are the inevitable outcome of the coordinated interaction between natural system and socio-economic system.With the continuous advancement of China’s urbanization process,the concept of urban planning and construction that highlights the humanistic value of "people-oriented" has emerged as the times require.Livable cities have become the focus of urban construction and land space planning and development.The research and discussion of "three living spaces" in cities has gradually attracted the attention of the academic community.In the report of the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the development of Sansheng Space was proposed for the first time,"intensive and efficient production space,moderate livable living space,and beautiful ecological space".On the basis of sorting out the literature of "three living spaces",this paper takes the theory of social economic natural composite system and the theory of land multi-function utilization as the guidance,takes the downtown area of Hangzhou as the research object,and establishes the classification system of "three living spaces" based on POI data,land use and other multi-source data.The geographic grid analysis method,superposition analysis and quadrat proportion method are used to identify the type differentiation of "three living spaces" in the central city of Hangzhou in 2012,2016 and 2020,and the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of "three living spaces" in the central city of Hangzhou are explored through GIS spatial analysis method.Taking cadastral sub districts as the spatial scale,the functional index of "three living spaces" in 2020 is calculated,and its influencing factors are analyzed by using regression analysis method,and the optimization countermeasures for the layout of "three living spaces" in Hangzhou downtown are proposed.The research results show that:(1)Through the identification and analysis of "three living spaces",the overall change of the area of "three living spaces" in the central urban area of Hangzhou during the study period is characterized by the continuous growth of production and living spaces,and the substantial reduction of ecological space,and the growth rate of living space is far greater than that of production space.In terms of the transfer characteristics of "three living spaces",it is shown that the production space within the city is relatively reduced,and the production space is mainly transferred out to the living space.The space type change areas dominated by two functions are mainly concentrated in the core area of the city.As time goes on,the number of mixed space change areas is gradually increasing,and the degree of aggregation is constantly improving.(2)The structural change of "EPL Space" generally presents a multi cluster,multi-core spatial distribution pattern.Among them,the production space gathering area gradually changes from "sheet" to "multi cluster",and the production space will be most concentrated in 2020.The living space gradually expands outward from the city center,showing a nearly "circle" diffusion trend,forming multiple core blocks.The living space and production space in the middle of the city are interlaced and inlaid.The ecological space presents a combination of belt and block distribution,with Qiantang River as the ecological axis,and West Lake Scenic Area as the core of the central area of the city.From 2012 to 2020,the high concentration area in the northwest corner of the study area was slightly smaller,and the concentration area with the West Lake Scenic Area as the core gradually expanded.The change characteristics of the functional elements of EPL Space have certain similarities with the change of the spatial pattern of EPL,and a multi center and cluster development model has gradually formed.(3)All kinds of spatial gravity centers have shifted to a certain extent.The production space generally presents a southeast northwest trend.In 2020,the production space will gradually shift to the southeast of the city and will migrate across the river.The development direction of living space is generally southeast northwest,indicating that the development trend of living space in northwest southeast direction is obviously stronger than that in northeast southwest direction.As a whole,the ecological space did not move greatly in the direction,and it was basically stable in Lingyin Scenic Area located in the southwest of the West Lake,but there was a weak trend of gradually shifting to the southwest.(4)Through regression analysis of the influencing factors of the functional distribution of "EPL Space",it can be seen that the influencing factors of its positive impact degree are in the order of population density>road network density>water index>vegetation coverage>public station density>terrain elevation from high to low,among which population density is most significantly related to the functional intensity of "EPL Space".The correlation between the per capita income level and the spatial function comprehensive index of EPL space has a negative impact.(5)According to the evolution trend and influencing factors of "EPL Space",the space optimization strategy is proposed.The production space should speed up the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure and strengthen the protection of cultivated land.The living space should reasonably plan the urban functions and balance the differences in public service facilities between different regions.For ecological space,it is necessary to adjust measures to local conditions,rationally develop and utilize ecological space,and stick to the ecological red line.Finally,strengthen the integration of multiple regulations,improve the linkage mechanism,actively build a unified information management platform,and promote the upgrading of spatial governance. |
