Research On Spatio-Tempotial Changes And Optimization Strategies In The Geographical Functions Of Rural Areas In Xingguo County

With the rapid progress of urbanization and industrialization,the problems such as old and weak village population and abandoned and deserted arable land have become obviously,and the functions of agricultural production,economic development and ecological conservation in rural areas have declined,and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and the sustainable development of rural areas are facing serious challenges.The report of the 20 th Party Congress and the No.1 Document of the Central Government in 2023 emphasize the need to comprehensively promote the revitalization of the countryside,do a good job in the "three rural areas" and realize the modernization of agriculture and rural development.Due to the influence of nature,economic development level and regional differences,the geographical functions of the countryside show a certain degree of spatial heterogeneity.To promote the synergistic enhancement of various functions in rural areas according to local conditions and zoning classification is an important means to promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas.Therefore,to carry out the study of rural regional functions and accurately identify the combination of rural regional functions and their advantageous functions is conducive to finding the focus point of rural development and promoting the coordinated and sustainable development of the region.In recent years,Xingguo County has achieved remarkable results in poverty eradication,agricultural production,tourism development and ecological nourishment,and is in a critical period of transformation.Xingguo County is a traditional agricultural county in the mountainous region of south Gan,and a county out of poverty.Based on this,this study takes Xingguo County as the study area,the town area as the study unit,and the years 2009,2014 and 2020 as the study time points,and constructs a rural regional function evaluation index system from four dimensions: agricultural production function,economic development function,habitat protection function and ecological conservation function,and uses the improved CRITIC method to determine the index weights;uses the multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method,the longitudinal comparison Based on the evaluation results,the NRCA model is used to analyze the change characteristics of rural functions;the Spearman rank correlation coefficient is also used to investigate the interaction relationship and change law among rural functions;and then Based on the results of advantageous function identification and interaction relationship results,the advantageous functions of rural towns in the study area are adjusted and optimized,and finally different optimization strategies are proposed for different functional type areas.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The overall index of rural geographical functions in Xingguo County shows a growing trend with obvious spatial difference characteristics.The regional differences of agricultural production function fluctuate and decrease,while the spatial differences of economic development function,habitat protection function and comprehensive function tend to decrease;the spatial concentration index of agricultural development function tends to increase and then decrease,while the spatial concentration index of economic development function,habitat protection function and comprehensive function keeps decreasing,indicating that the degree of spatial equilibrium among townships gradually increases;the spatial concentration index of ecological function is at a lower The spatial concentration index of ecological functions is at a low level,showing a trend of decreasing and then increasing,and the overall spatial differentiation degree is fluctuating and increasing.(2)The spatial and temporal changes of the functions in rural areas of Xingguo County are widely different from each other.From 2009 to 2020,each township in Xingguo County has at least one or more function of geographical advantage in the countryside,and the combination of function types of geographical advantage in townships has decreased.Among them,ecological conservation type is the most dominant function type in the study period,and the number of dual-function composite townships gradually increases;in general,the relationship between functions in rural areas of Xingguo County from 2009 to 2020 shows a decreasing trend of conflict,with a mainly compatible relationship.The interactions between economic development,habitat protection and ecological conservation are relatively stable.The synergistic relationship is increasing and the conflicting relationship is decreasing.(3)Based on the results of the identification of the advantageous functions of rural areas in 2020 and the results of the interactions between functions,the townships with conflicts between them are modified accordingly and combined with the resource endowment and development situation of the townships,the advantageous function types of each township are determined,and the 25 townships in Xingguo County are divided into three major firstlevel categories and seven second-level categories,namely single function type,double function composite type and comprehensive type,among which the single function The dominant type includes 3 types of agricultural production,economic development and ecological conservation,and the two-way function composite type includes three types of agricultural production-habitat security,and agricultural production-ecological conservation and economic development-habitat security.Finally,according to the different function types,targeted optimization measures are proposed to promote the development of rural areas.