Strategy For Small Community From The Perspective Of Circular Economy And Waste Management: Waste To Energy Concept For Energy Efficient Communities: A Case Of Mahalaxmi Municipality, Nepal

The generation of Municipal Waste is a result of human activity and development,and will increase with growth of population,industrialization,and urbanization.Cities around the world have generated about 2.01 billion tons of solid waste in 2016 and is expected to rise to 3.40 billion tons by 2050.So,resources recovery along with waste minimization is one of the circular economy concept for the sustainable management of the waste in global scenario.Nepal is one of the top ten fast urbanizing counties.With this urbanization speed,there is rise in consumption of energy and production of waste.Nepal is already facing difficulty for waste management along with the issue of stable energy supply.Hence,it is necessary to integrate the concept of waste to energy(Wt E)in local level.The conversion technology of Wt E are direct combustion,thermo chemical process,physiochemical process or biochemical process.Thermal treatment are expensive than biological treatment and due to high presence of organic matter Nepal,the efficiency is even lower,which makes it less preferable in our context.Hence,biochemical process is more viable and appropriate,which are aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion process.Due to the high production of organic matter in Mahalaxmi municipality,biogas power generation is more feasible,to reduce the waste that is dumped in the landfill as well as generate the revenue for municipality.The research tries to explore the different perspective of waste management,along with the technology with feasible solution for integrating circular strategies.The circular municipal solid waste management framework is proposed after studying the perspective of solid waste which will help to make the neighborhood more clean and safe as well as increase the reuse efficiency of resources which are discarded as waste.These appropriate framework have been discussed with connection with the municipal aspects,local aspects and integrated waste management aspect for waste management solution in Mahalaxmi Municipality.Finally,the solution of this study can provide a theoretical basis for waste treatment in Mahalaxmi municipality,and can also be used as an example and reference for management in other regions.