Layout Optimization Of Rural Schools In Plain Agricultural Areas Based On Differences In The Number Of Students In Upper And Lower Grades

Since the beginning of the 21st century,with the advancement of urbanization in my country,more and more rural residents have poured into cities,resulting in the loss of students in rural schools,the reduction of the source of students in rural schools,the reduction in the number of complete primary schools,and the shrinking or even disappearance of complete primary schools.This paper takes SD town as an example to study the problem of optimizing the layout of rural schools in the plain agricultural area.Through the quantitative analysis of the students in SD town ordinary primary school from 2015～2016school year to 2020～2021 school year,the change of primary school students is studied,and the reasons for the decrease are explored.The quantitative analysis predicts that the number of primary school students will continue to decrease in the future.It is concluded that the current "one village,one school" primary school pattern in SD Town is not suitable for the current needs of students in rural areas,and its layout needs to be optimized.For the optimal layout plan,the population of administrative villages and school service radius are selected as indicators;the number of students predicted by the 1,000-person indicator and the number of students currently in school are used as reference for adjustment.Based on the supply and demand of primary school places in SD Town,determine the number of complete primary schools and primary school teaching points.Using the ensemble coverage model,the greedy algorithm is used to determine the position of the complete primary school candidate point;the candidate position of the primary school teaching point is determined according to the demand and supply of small-scale places and the nearby enrollment of lower grades.With the help of Arc GIS 10.2 software,the superposition analysis method and buffer analysis method are used to verify the rationality of the layout of the primary school,and the layout adjustment is carried out according to the local actual situation.The results of the layout adjustment are as follows: with the natural village as the center,there is at least one complete primary school to choose from within a radius of 2 kilometers;the density of the natural village affects the density of the school layout;the layout of primary school teaching points can help reduce the school distance for lower grade students.Through the research on the optimization of the layout of primary schools in SD town and rural areas,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The supply of school places in SD town and rural primary schools exceeds the demand,the utilization rate of educational resources is low,and there is a continuous decrease trend,resulting in waste of resources.The optimization of school layout can improve the utilization rate of educational resources in rural areas and reduce the waste of resources.(2)The reason for the oversupply of rural primary school places in SD Town is the flow of students during their studies and the decrease in the number of first-year students.Among them,the flow of students during their studies is the main aspect.The flow of students in grades four to six is obvious.This phenomenon is common in SC county(SD Town is a town under the jurisdiction of SC county),and even exists in a wider area.(3)The optimization of the school layout increases the distance for some students to reach the school,but it is still within the scope permitted by the policy and will not become an obstacle for students in the plains to go to school.(4)The optimization of school layout in rural areas is a dynamic adjustment process that changes with time.The supply of school places should be adjusted according to the actual needs of the school-age population in the region.Select the scale of townships and villages,take the administrative village as the unit,according to the actual changes and characteristics of the number of students in each public primary school,select the location of the complete primary school and the teaching point of the primary school in a differentiated way,select the scale,obtain micro-detailed data,and study the content of school mergers and acquisitions The specific scheme is regarded as the innovation point of this research.