China’s R&D Innovation And Export Status Of Mechanical And Electrical Products

Since the beginning of this century,with the continuous improvement of the status of R&D and innovation in China’s national economic development,the export status of China’s mechanical and electrical products has declined.In view of the fact that mechanical and electrical products occupy the most important position in world trade among all kinds of products,strengthening the export of mechanical and electrical products plays an important role in promoting the development of the national economy.Consolidating and enhancing the export status of China’s mechanical and electrical products undoubtedly has important practical significance.Firstly,through literature review,this thesis finds that the current literature mainly studies the impact of China’s R&D innovation on the export scale and export market competitiveness of mechanical and electrical products,while the literature analyzing the impact of R&D innovation on the export status of mechanical and electrical products is very scarce.Secondly,the theoretical analysis of this thesis shows that R&D innovation can promote the expansion of the export scale of mechanical and electrical products,but it may not be able to promote the export status of mechanical and electrical industry.R&D innovation at the national level may change the export status of mechanical and electrical products by affecting the export status of high-tech products,new products,processing trade and foreign-invested enterprises.Thirdly,this thesis analyzes the evolution trend of China’s R&D innovation and electromechanical product export since this century.The status of China’s R&D innovation in the national economy is rising.At the same time,the export scale of China’s mechanical and electrical products maintained an overall high-speed growth from 2001 to 2019.However,the status of China’s mechanical and electrical products in export trade failed to keep up with the improvement of the status of R&D innovation in national economic development.Fourthly,this thesis uses the data of 29 provinces and cities in China from 2002 to2019 as a sample,this thesis estimates the effect of R&D innovation on the export status of mechanical and electrical products through a fixed effect model and two-stage least squares(2SLS).The empirical results of this thesis show that although China’s R&D innovation can significantly promote the expansion of the export scale of mechanical and electrical products,China’s R&D innovation has significantly reduced the export status of mechanical and electrical products,which shows that the positive impact of China’s R&D innovation on the export sector of non-mechanical and electrical products is greater than that on the export sector of mechanical and electrical products.At the same time,the regional heterogeneity test shows that,the negative impact of R&D innovation on the export status of mechanical and electrical products in the central and western regions is greater than that in the eastern region.China’s export of mechanical and electrical products contains more high-tech products and new products,but China’s R&D and innovation has significantly reduced the export status of high-tech products and failed to significantly improve the export status of new products.These are two channels for China’s R&D and innovation to significantly reduce the export status of mechanical and electrical products.Lastly,according to the above research conclusions,this thesis puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen the R&D innovation and technology spillover ability of China’s Electromechanical industry,especially in the central and western regions.On the whole,China’s successful experience in economic development such as human capital accumulation,R&D and innovation,and export of mechanical and electrical products since the reform and opening up is worth learning from developing countries such as Thailand.