| Healthy urban water environment not only helps to maintain a good urban ecological environment and enhance the image of the city,but also plays a supporting role in the construction of ecological city and the harmonious development of society.The Tang and Song Dynasties was an important period for the evolution of Chengdu’s water system structure.The Jiedu envoys of the Tang Dynasty changed the water system structure of "Boer city by two rivers",which has been used for thousands of years into "Surrounded by two rivers".On this basis,the Song Dynasty continued to develop with many canals and streams running through the city,forming a dense water network and the relationship between city and water reached the most mature state in history.The abundant achievements of water conservancy construction have also promoted the construction of many Xishu gardens.These gardens have rich forms of internal water,tend to be natural,and maintain interactive relationship driven by the urban water system,which together constitute the natural ecosystem integrated into the city.The distribution characteristics of Xishu gardens based on urban water system is a model in the history of urban water system planning and construction,and it is still necessary to inherit and use for reference today.Therefore,this article takes the urban water system as an entry point,takes Chengdu Xishu gardens as the research object,and selects the Tang and Song Dynasties as the time background.According to the development process of the two,the vertical historical time dimension is divided into three stages(early Tang Dynasty,late Tang Dynasty,Two Song Dynasties).First,it summarizes the historical data related to the urban layout of Chengdu in the Tang and Song dynasties,and explores the distribution characteristics of the city walls,streets and functional areas in the urban layout.On this basis,the historical map restoration method is used to draw a map of the changes in the urban water system of Chengdu in different historical stages,analyze the causes of changes in the urban water system of Chengdu,and explore the characteristics of the urban water system in Chengdu during the Tang and Two Song Dynasties.Then use the historical map restoration method to draw the distribution drawings of Chengdu Xishu gardens during the Tang and Song Dynasties,and focus on the study of the site selection,distribution range,ornamental tour lines,and distribution patterns of Chengdu Xishu gardens at each stage.The overall appearance is based on the urban water system.For the guidance,there is a compound relationship with the urban water system.The following conclusions are drawn through research:(1)During the Tang and Song Dynasties,the site selection features of the Xishu gardens under the influence of the urban water system in Chengdu were that the Xishu temple gardens were "built on the water and prospered by extending the water";the site selection features of the Xishu official gardens were "winning by water," Moved due to water";temple gardens are"choosing a site along the river,temples live in the city well";the location of private gardens in Xishu is "born from water,adding color to water".Based on the research results of urban water system and layout,the influence of urban water system on the selection of Xishu gardens was summarized.During the Tang and Song Dynasties,Chengdu Xishu gardens were almost all distributed along the water,and the bases of the gardens were mostly in the watery areas.Shape the landscape of the "Flower Water City".(2)During the Tang and Song Dynasties,the distribution range of the Xishu gardens in Chengdu under the influence of the urban water system were government gardens "gathered together and distributed in clusters";temple gardens were "forested with rivers and distributed in a strip";and relic gardens were "formed by water.".Scattered Distribution".In general,the distribution of Chengdu Xishu gardens during the Tang and Song Dynasties gradually expanded,moving from the west to the east of the city,and the number of gardens increased significantly.(3)The study on the tour route characteristics of the Western Shu Gardens under the influence of the urban water system in Chengdu during the Tang and Song Dynasties was described separately from the Maha Pool tour at the center of the city and the Jianjiang tour at the southern suburbs.The characteristics of the Maha Pool tour are as follows: "Being commensurate across the river,the sequence is cleverly constructed." To sum up,in the Tang and Song Dynasties,the layout of the Chengdu West Shu Garden Tour Line followed the concept of "relying on water as the source and extending the way of water",which is compounded with the urban water system.(4)In the Tang and Song Dynasties,Chengdu’s urban water system was affected by the distribution of Xishu gardens,which were divided into two categories: plane and elevation.The plane morphology of Xishu gardens was "water gathers in gardens,and water diverges." The feature of the surface shape is "the loft is towering and the waterscape is viewed".(5)In the Tang and Song Dynasties,the Western Shu gardens were built on the water,and their distribution areas continued to expand.The tour routes were gradually improved.The plane form of the Western Shu gardens also gradually became fuller with time.The distribution of Xishu gardens and the urban water system have gone through three stages of "integration","closeness" and "fusion",making Chengdu a highly landscaped city. |
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