Analysis Of Ecological Environment Changes And Their Driving Forces In Wuyishan National Park

The establishment of the national park system is of great significance to biodiversity and national security.On the one hand,the official establishment of national parks has put forward higher requirements for strengthening the protection and restoration of natural ecosystems and promoting biodiversity conservation;on the other hand,the establishment of national parks also provides a new opportunity to explore the realization of conservation and utilization,and the harmonious coexistence of human and nature.There is a long way to go to improve the all-round protection and co-construction mechanism,and to explore the sustainable development mechanism of "common protection,common construction and sharing" for multiple subjects.In this context,the thesis takes Wuyishan National Park as the research object,adopts a comprehensive evaluation method based on hierarchical analysis,constructs an evaluation index system of ecological environment quality of the national park from two dimensions of ecosystem quality and environmental quality,respectively,and compares and analyzes the current ecological environment and changes in environmental quality before(2016)and after(2019)the construction of the pilot national park system in Wuyishan;through We used on-site questionnaires to obtain data on community residents’ perceptions of changes in ecological environment quality and their attitudes toward ecological environmental protection in Wuyishan National Park,analyzed the differences between the subjective perceptions of community residents in the park and the objective evaluation results of each index,and used logistic regression models to further explore the main factors affecting their perceptions and attitudes;combined with the ecological environment quality evaluation results,we used gray correlation model to analyze the main drivers of ecological environment quality changes in Wuyishan National Park,with a view to providing a scientific basis for the protection,management and restoration of the national park and promoting its sustainable development.The main conclusions are as follows.(1)Since the pilot project of Wuyishan National Park system,the quality of ecosystem and environment in the park has been improved,and the ecological environment quality(EEQ)value has increased from 0.597 to 0.634.NDVI and NPP values,which characterize the quality of ecosystem,have increased significantly,but the quality of three indicators,namely,ecological class of land use type,land use degree index,and habitat quality index,have slightly decreased.Among the values of environmental quality,soil environmental quality and soil conservation improved significantly,while the quality of three indicators,namely air environmental quality,water environmental quality and pollution load,decreased slightly.(2)The results of 239 questionnaires show that most of the community residents interviewed have a positive evaluation of the quality of the ecosystem and environmental quality of the national park,and most of them(87.03%)have a strong awareness of ecological protection and a positive attitude toward ecological protection,and can recognize the importance of synergistic economic development and environmental protection,but they are less positive about ecological migration(20.50%);the subjective perceptions of the resident group as a whole are significantly higher than the objective evaluation results;the ecological environment perceptions of the community residents are mainly influenced by their occupation,annual household income,distance from the nature reserve,participation in the construction of the national park and acceptance of ecological compensation,while the residents’ attitudes are significantly related to their occupation,annual household income,area of forest land at home,participation in the construction of the national park and acceptance of ecological compensation.(3)The results of the analysis of the drivers of ecological quality change in Wuyishan National Park: among the natural meteorological factors,the gray correlations of annual precipitation,sunshine hours and average annual temperature were 0.778,0.776 and 0.724,respectively;the correlations of economic and social drivers were: gross agricultural product(0.928)> agricultural fertilizer application(0.845)> tea production(0.830)> per capita income(0.767)> total tourism income(0.756)> number of community population(0.751)> number of tourists(0.745);the two policy drivers and their gray correlations are forest eco-efficiency compensation expenditure(0.545)and energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure(0.713),respectively.This study attempts to verify and supplement the findings of the macro analysis by using the micro perspective of the community residents in Wuyishan National Park.By analyzing the differences between the subjective perceptions of the community residents and the objective evaluation results,the study aims to compensate for some of the shortcomings in the objective evaluation.To a certain extent,the study can enrich the theories related to ecological environmental protection and sustainable development,enrich the studies related to national parks,and provide useful reference for better monitoring of ecological environment,strengthening ecological protection,and enhancing ecological well-being in the future.