Study Of The Impact Of National Park Construction On The Income Of Farmers

The construction of national parks is an important content of the construction of an ecological civilization system and a major measure to solve various outstanding problems in the development of my country's nature reserves.Under China's national conditions,the construction of national parks is closely dependent on farmers' production and life.Farmers are important participants and key parts of national park construction.Farmers in the national park area and surrounding communities have strong demands for natural resource utilization and economic development.The construction of national parks through ecological protection measures restrict resource exploitation and utilization,guide industrial development and transformation,and implement ecological compensation policies,which have changed the policy environment of farmers' production and life,caused changes in farmers' livelihood capital,and prompted them to re-adjust and allocate production factors.Income has a multi-dimensional impact.How to achieve the "strictest protection" of national parks and the coordination of farmers' income increase has become a very urgent task.Existing studies on the construction of national parks and farmers' incomes tend to draw unidirectional results of positive or negative impacts,and focus on specific and single policies such as eco-tourism.To a certain extent,there is no impact on the construction of national parks.Systematic research on the comprehensive relationship of farmer household income has led to inconsistent results of existing research and has not formed a universally applicable law to guide practice.Taking Wuyi Mountain National Park as an example,this study conducts empirical research and theoretical analysis on how national park construction affects farmers' income in the area and surrounding areas,and analyzes the internal mechanism and path of national park's impact on farmers' income from the mechanism level.The Wuyishan National Park in the study area has both cultural and industrial heritage,covering areas of different economic levels.Its selection further expands the content and scope of the research on the impact of national parks on farmers' income,and expands the subdivision of farmers' income research in terms of academic contribution.The research results of Wuyishan National Park have the value of national promotion and generalization.It provides countermeasures and suggestions for improving national park construction policies and promoting the coordinated development of national parks and farmers' income,which is a further exploration of the new development pattern.This research mainly uses sustainable livelihood theory and farmer model theory,combined with externality theory and stakeholder theory to conduct theoretical analysis on the impact of national parks on farmer household income;uses mediating effect analysis,DID model,moderating effect model analysis and other methods to analyze the country Empirical research on the impact of park construction on farmers' income.On the basis of defining related concepts and reviewing existing research,the impact identification(what changes in the income of farmers under the construction of national parks),the analysis of impact generation mechanism(how the construction of national parks affects the income of farmers),impact optimization measures and A logical framework for its effectiveness analysis(how the construction of national parks has a better impact on farmers' income);from the perspectives of farmers' income,national park construction policies,and farmers' livelihood capital and livelihood strategies,the results and processes of the impact of national park construction on farmers' income are identified,And measure the influence and influence process by quantitative analysis method.Through research,this article concludes that the construction of Wuyi Mountain National Park in Fujian has a dual effect on farmers' income in the area and surrounding areas.Ecological protection policies mainly have a negative response to farmers' income,while development guidance policies and ecological compensation policies have a positive effect on farmers' income.The impact on farmers in the area and the surrounding areas is different.On the whole,the positive impact of the construction of the national park on the income of farmers in the national park area is higher than the positive impact on the surrounding farmers.It is consistent with the phenomenon that the per capita income of farmers is much higher than that of neighboring farmers.The negative impact is reflected in the ecological protection policies restricting farmers' natural capital,human capital,and bamboo production behavior,which in turn restricts farmers' operating income and wage income.The construction of national parks has a more consistent negative impact on farmers in the area and surrounding areas..The positive impact is reflected in the ecological compensation policy that increases the financial capital of farmers and increases the transfer income of farmers,and the impact of development guidance policies such as franchise management on the social capital and human capital of farmers has promoted the non-agricultural employment of farmers,thereby increasing the wages of farmers Income,the positive impact on rural households in the region is higher than the surrounding rural households.The specific explanations are as follows:(1)The impact of the construction of national parks on the income of farmers is related to the region,which has a positive impact on the area and a certain negative impact on the surrounding farmers;(2)National parks have both positive and negative impacts on the income of farmers The impact is generated through the implementation of different policies;for the farmers in the area and surrounding areas,the national park ecological protection policy has a negative impact on the income of farmers,specifically by restricting the operating income and wage income of farmers;for the farmers in the area,National park development guidance policies and ecological compensation policies have a positive impact on farmers' income,and the two types of policies have no significant impact on surrounding farmers;(3)The construction of national parks restrains the operating income of farmers in and around the area,and the construction of national parks It has a positive impact on the wage income and transfer income of farmers in the area,but there is no such promotion effect for surrounding farmers,and it inhibits the wage income of surrounding farmers;(4)Livelihood capital and livelihood strategies are in the national park Construction plays an intermediary role in the process of affecting farmers' income: social capital and financial capital play a positive role in the process of national park construction affecting farmers' income,natural capital plays a negative role,and human capital plays a negative role.Play a positive intermediary role in the development guidance policy,and play a negative intermediary role in the ecological protection policy;the local non-agricultural employment behavior of farmers and the black tea production and planting behavior play a positive intermediary role in the development guidance policy,and non-local non-agricultural employment behaviors play a positive intermediary role in the development guidance policy.The behavior of agricultural employment plays a positive intermediary role in the ecological protection policy,and the production behavior of moso bamboo plays a negative intermediary role in the ecological protection policy.