Study On The Territorial Spatial Pattern And Function Evolution In The Border Areas Of China-Vietnam

Scientific recognition of spatial-temporal differentiation pattern of territorial space is the basis for coordinating regional development problems,and has theoretical significance for optimizing development and protection pattern of territorial space and improving utilization efficiency of territorial space.As a frontier window for economic and trade exchanges with ASEAN and an important fulcrum for China to build a “dual circulation” development pattern,the border areas between China and Vietnam diversified forms of economic development based on border trade.The increasingly fierce competition among urban,agricultural and ecological space has complicated the relationship between man and land,resulting in regional differences in the evolution of territorial spatial pattern and functional changes.Therefore,how to describe the evolution of territorial spatial pattern and regional differences in the border areas of China and Vietnam,identify the evolution process of territorial spatial function response,and promote the formation of a coordinated and integrated territorial spatial development and protection pattern are an urgent spatial governance problem in the border areas of China and Vietnam.This is of practical significance for promoting high-quality and sustainable development in the region and safeguarding national security.In accordance with the multi-dimensional research content of “pattern-process-function”and the down scaling analysis process of “one belt,two sections,multiple units”,this paper conducted a research on regional differences and functional evolution of territorial spatial pattern in the the China-Vietnam border areas from 2000 to 2018.Firstly,on the premise of constructing the linkage system between the territorial space classification and land use structure of the“urban-agriculture-ecology”,Geo-statistics method was used to describe the pattern characteristics,change process and evolution path of territorial space,and Theil index was used to measure the regional differences of territorial space.Secondly,on the premise of deducing the interaction mechanism between territorial space and function,it analyzed the spatial and temporal pattern of territorial space function change with the help of constructing an evaluation index system to measure the level of territorial space function.Finally,suggestions for optimizing the development and function improvement of territorial space were put forward on the basis of identifying the restrictive factors that affect the function of territorial space.The main conclusions were as follows:The range of territorial spatial change in the China-Vietnam border areas showed a trend of slow at first and then sharp,and the relationship of territorial spatial type transfer was diversified and the migration path was complicated.Ecological space occupied a dominant position in the territorial space of the China-Vietnam border region.However,the urban space accelerated to occupy the agricultural and ecological space,which showed a phenomenon that the urban space changed the fastest,followed by the agricultural space,and the ecological space was the slowest.From the perspective of the change process of the spatial velocity of the segment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the segment of Yunnan,the former showed the characteristics of decreasing first and then increased,while the latter showed a sharp dip and then accelerated up.The spatial pattern of land use in the China-Vietnam border areas were dominated by the mutual transformation of agricultural production space and green ecological space.The intensity of land use transformation in the segment of Yunnan was higher than that in the segment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,but the diversity of land use transformation relationship was lower than that in the segment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.The center of gravity of urban life,industrial and mining production,water ecology and rural living space in the China-Vietnam border areas moved from west to north,but the spatial gravity center of green quilt ecology and agricultural production shifted from southeast to northwest.The disturbance degree of border trade to the spatial difference of the China-Vietnam border areas was much higher than that of economic development level and population spatial distribution.Under the influence of population and GDP,the Thiel index of urban and agricultural space area in the segment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was larger than that in the segment of Yunnan,and the ecological space was on the contrary.Under the influence of border trade volume,the spatial Thiel index of the segment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was higher than that of the segment of Yunnan.The spatial Thiel index under any weight showed a downward trend,indicating that the spatial difference of urban,agricultural and ecological spatial area distribution was decreasing.The territorial and spatial differences in the border areas of China and Vietnam came from the interior of the segment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the segment of Yunnan.Under the influence of population,the differences within regions of agricultural and ecological space continued to expand,while the urban spatial differences decreased.However,the internal difference of agricultural and ecological space under the influence of GDP was relatively stable,and the internal difference of urban space was increased.Different from the former two,the internal differences of urban,agricultural and ecological space under the influence of border trade volume gradually decreased.The territorial spatial function of the China-Vietnam border region changed from the stage of “low level and high gap” to the stage of “high level and low gap”,and the imbalance of regional spatial function pattern was prominent.The urban,agricultural and ecological functions in the China-Vietnam border areas fluctuated in growth,and the gap was gradually narrowed.And the ecological function was the dominant function.The territorial space function index showed a step-change process of decreasing from east to west,and the east-west differentiation pattern was obvious.The areas with high level of urban function and agricultural function were concentrated in the southwest,while the areas with low level were distributed in the west and central regions respectively.The low level of agricultural function was concentrated in the central region,while the high level was concentrated in the southwest.At the same time,the ecological function was dominated by high range,which was the dominant function type of each county and district.The territorial spatial function indexes of the segment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region showed an upward trend,and the regional differences gradually narrowed.The comprehensive function of land space in the segment of Yunnan improved obviously,and the regional gap widened gradually.There was a tendency of balance of single function aggravating in some regions,and the regional imbalance was more obvious.The territorial spatial function of China and Vietnam border areas was influenced by the level of border trade,social security capacity and natural environment.Accelerating the construction of ecological space leading,agricultural space priority,urban-agricultural-ecological space coordination of sustainable development and protection pattern was an important way to improve the regional territorial space function.According to the boundary of urban development,we should actively develop port economy,promote the redevelopment of inefficient land in urban areas,optimize the layout of urban space,and promote urban function and efficiency.Based on the area of permanent basic farmland,we should guide the layout of border trade parks into non-agricultural production areas where rural populations gather,carry out land reclamation and renovation projects,expand agricultural space,and help expand the capacity of agriculture.It was also worth noting that,with the red line for ecological protection as the core,we should reduce the pressure on the ecological environment,fully consider the regional differences in the quality of ecological space functions,implement the “core-periphery” project to improve the quality of ecological space functions,gradually increase the proportion of high-quality ecological space,strengthen ecological space,and promote the quality of ecological function.