Study On The Comprehensive Improvement Model Of Rural Water System In Shaanxi Province

The 19 th National Congress put forward the strategic initiative of rural revitalization to enrich the country and strengthen the people,and formulated and implemented the "twenty-word policy" of rural revitalization strategy.Rural water system is an important carrier of rural water environment,which is related to the living safety and water safety of rural residents.As the main way to realize "ecological livability",comprehensive improvement of rural water system is of great significance in the road of rural revitalization.This paper takes rural water systems in Shaanxi Province as the research object,analyzes the current situation and problems of rural water system management in Shaanxi Province through field research and review of domestic and foreign literature,and proposes a comprehensive improvement model of rural water systems in Shaanxi Province based on territorial spatial planning and rural revitalization;analyzes the spatial distribution pattern of relevant elements of rural water systems in Shaanxi Province through spatial visualization and buffer zone analysis,and proposes the spatial distribution of rural water systems in Shaanxi Province.The spatial distribution of management priorities is proposed,and a typical rural water system in Guanzhong is selected to carry out a comprehensive improvement example study.The main conclusions are as follows.1)Based on remote sensing image data and field research,remote sensing data of typical rural water systems in northern Shaanxi,central Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi were interpreted and obtained,combined with digital elevation model,based on GIS to study the spatial distribution characteristics of typical rural water systems of mountains,water,forests,fields,lakes,grasses,townships,villages and water landscapes,through spatial visualization and buffer zone analysis,to portray and identify the spatial characteristics of rural water systems,and elucidate the water system elements,natural elements,and Socio-economic elements connectivity,interrelationship.With reference to the skilled way of estimating the carrying ability of energy and environment and the rightness of territory space development,we carry out the evaluation of the vulnerability of soil erosion in northern,central and southern Shaanxi,the evaluation of river fragile areas,the evaluation of the economic development potential within 1km of rivers,the identification of sensitive areas and areas of great functional importance of rivers by determining grading thresholds,and the final determination of river remediation into priority areas,secondary priority,temporary areas,unnecessary whole and very unnecessary whole to five degrees.2)From the analysis of the three major regions through which the rivers flow,the scope and intensity of the rural water system in northern Shaanxi to be rehabilitated are the largest,Guanzhong rural water system needs to be renovated in the smallest scope and intensity.From the analysis of the municipalities through which the rivers flow,Shangluo City in southern Shaanxi has the largest scope and intensity to be improved,followed by Hanzhong City,and Ankang City has the smallest scope and intensity to be improved;Weinan City in Guanzhong has the largest scope and intensity to be improved,followed by Xi’an City,Xianyang City,Baoji City,and Tongchuan City has the smallest scope and intensity to be improved;Yulin City in northern Shaanxi has the largest scope and intensity to be improved,followed by Yan’an City.Analysis from the counties through which the rivers flow.The top 5 counties under the jurisdiction of each municipality ought to regard as the first scope for rural water system renovation.3)This study proposes the idea of "problem analysis → change of thinkin → model construction→technical system→performance evaluation→project demonstration" to build a framework system for the comprehensive improvement of rural water systems to achieve the shift from "traditional water conservancy" to "ecological water conservancy".The model of comprehensive improvement of rural water systems in northern Shaanxi,Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi was constructed,and according to the location of the water system,it was divided into pure agricultural rural water system,adjacent to urban rural water system and adjacent to the landscape rural water system comprehensive improvement model.4)The Shunyang River basin in the Guanzhong region is used as an example study for the comprehensive improvement of rural water systems.Based on its natural conditions,geographical features,watershed characteristics,industrial layout and human history,the whole watershed of the Shunyang River is divided into two areas: "mountain arid area and plain flooded area",and a series of engineering measures such as dredging and clearing,flood prevention and drainage,soil and water conservation,bank improvement,pollution interception and control,floodpond restoration,and drought emergency water source construction are taken to improve the rural water system in the Shunyang River watershed.Through a series of engineering measures such as dredging and clearing,flood prevention and drainage,soil and water conservation,bank improvement,sewage interception and control,floodpond restoration,drought emergency water supply construction,etc.,the rural water system in the Shunyang River basin is improved,providing a reference for the subsequent comprehensive improvement of the rural water system.