Diversity Of Macrofungi In Wumeng Mountain Area,Guizhou Province

The Wumeng Mountain area of Guizhou Province is a significant ecological functional area in China as it serves as a significant ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,various plant species,simultaneous heat and water,and a wealth of biological resources;Macrofungi play a significant role in biological resources and are highly valuable economically.Using the macrofungi of the Wumeng Mountain area in Guizhou Province as the research subject,29 township macrofungi resources were collected,and the species diversity,flora composition,ecological diversity,correlation of species diversity with environmental factors(altitude,vegetation type,mean monthly temperature,mean monthly rainfall,and month),resource value,species threat level,and the species list of macrofungi in Wumeng Mountain area of Guizhou Province was compiled,to accumulate data for the conservation,development and utilization of macrofungi resources in the Wumeng mountain area of Guizhou Province.The main results are as follows:1.Species diversity study: A total of 469 species of macrofungi were identified by morphological identification and molecular biological identification from 3580 specimens,belonging to 2 phyla,8 classes,20 orders,75 families and 173 genera,including 26 species of Ascomycetes,4 classes,6 orders,13 families,15 genera and 443 species of Basidiomycetes,4classes,14 orders,62 families,158 genera.There are 160 species newly recorded in Wumeng Mountain area of Guizhou Province,119 species newly recorded in Guizhou Province,19 species newly recorded in China and 16 species endemic in China,and one new species was proposed:Laccaria guizhouensis San F.Zhang & Gui Yang,sp.nov.2.Floristic diversity study: The dominant families and genera of macrofungi in Wumeng Mountain area of Guizhou Province have significant characteristics.There were 16 dominant families,including 319 species,accounting for 68.02% of the total number of species,which were dominant in the composition of macrofungi in Wumeng Mountain area of Guizhou Province.There were 22 dominant genera,including 226 species,accounting for 48.19% of the total species.The genera of macrofungi in the Wumeng mountain area of Guizhou Province were mainly distributed in the world,followed by the genera distributed in the north temperatezone,among which there were 91 genera distributed in the world,accounting for 52.60% of the total genera;There were 35 genera in the north temperate zone,accounting for 20.23% of the total genera.3.Ecological diversity study: The ecological types of macrofungi are abundant in Wumeng Mountain area of Guizhou Province;There were 25 genera and 147 species of mycorrhizal fungi,accounting for 31.34% of the total species,and Russula had the most species.There were 73 genera and 140 species of woody fungi,accounting for 29.85% of the total species,and Mycena was the most abundant.There were 133 species in 50 genera,accounting for 28.36% of the total number of native fungi,and Agaricus was the most species.There were 19 species in 8 genera of other ecological types,accounting for 4.05% of the total species.4.Correlation analysis between species diversity of macrofungi and environmental factors:Among the three vegetation types,the richness and diversity of macrofungi were the highest in the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest,with 289 species,accounting for 61.62% of the total species.September had the highest number of macrofungi species,but the diversity index was not the highest,which was related to the occurrence of the largest number of macrofungi in September;The species of macrofungi with average monthly temperature of 21℃,altitude range of1600-2000 m and average monthly rainfall range of 220-269 mm were the most,and the richness and diversity index were higher than that of other different levels under the same environmental factors.5.Evaluation of macrofungi resources: A total of 469 species of macrofungi were evaluated in Wumeng Mountain area of Guizhou Province,and 83 species were edible fungi,accounting for17.70% of the total species;There were 44 species of medicinal fungi,accounting for 9.38% of the total;Edible and medicinal fungi resources 24 species,accounting for 5.12% of the total species;There were 54 species of toadomyces,accounting for 11.51% of the total species.The resource value of 264 species of macrofungi was unknown.6.Evaluation of threat degree of macrofungi: Among 469 species of macrofungi,160 species were not threatened(LC),accounting for 34.11% of the total species;There were 62 kinds of DD with insufficient data,accounting for 13.22%;Thelephora ganbajun is vulnerable species(VU),Chroogomphus orientirutilus and Cordyceps militaris are near threatened species(NT),indicating that 65 species of macrofungi should be protected in the Wumeng Mountain area in Guizhou Province,accounting for 13.86% of the total species;There were 244 species of macrofungi not evaluated(NE),accounting for 52.03% of the total species.