Study On Lichen Species Diversity And Flora In Pangquangou Nature Reserve

As a pioneer plant on the earth,lichens play an important role in the ecosystem.The purpose of this paper is to accurately understand the current situation of lichen resources in Pangquangou National Nature Reserve and provide basic data for the study of biodiversity in the Reserve.Based on field investigation and indoor experiment,more than100 lichen specimens were identified,and lichen resources in the nature reserve were studied from the aspects of diversity,space distribution and floristic composition.In this paper,lichens in Pangquangou Nature Reserve were classified based on morphological characteristics and conventional lichen chemical analysis methods.The Arc GIS 10.4 software was used to make the distribution of 30 lichen species in the reserve in China.By Using cluster analysis,Sprenson similarity coefficient and Zuojiabu comprehensive coefficient,we made cluster map,similarity comparative analysis and richness comparative analysis of lichen floristic composition between the protected area and other areas respectively.The research results are as follows:After identification,there are 7 orders,16 families,19 genera and 30 species of lichen in the reserve.Among them,there are 5 species newly recorded in Shanxi Province,including Punctelia borreri(Sm.)Korg,Rhizocarpon petraeum(Wulfen)A.Mass.,Rhizocarpon orientalis L.Hu & X.Zhang,Ramalina intermedia(Del.Ex Nyl.)Nyl.and Cladonia pyxidata(L.)Hoffm..Lecanorales Nannf.is the dominant order,Cladoniaceae Zenker,Parmeliaceae Eschw.,Physciaceae Zahlbr.and Rhizocarpaceae M.Choisy ex Hafellner are the dominant families,Cladonia P.Browne and Rhizocarpon Ramond ex DC.are dominant genera.Monophyletic families and monophyletic genera accounted for more than 50.00% and 68.42% of total familities and genera,respectively.The spatial distribution of lichens in Pangquangou Nature Reserve was analyzed.According to the distribution range and characteristics of lichen in China,30 species were divided into wide area species,regional species and narrow area species,of which regional species are the most widely distributed,accounting for 50.00% of the total lichen species in the Reserve.Among the 5 new records in Shanxi Province,2 are wide area species and3 are narrow area species.According to the distribution of lichens in different habitat types,the lichens in the Reserve can be divided into tree lichens,stone lichens,moss lichens,native lichens and multi habitat lichens,among which stone lichens are the most important community type in the Reserve.The growth status of 6 different growth type lichens in various habitats is also different.Based on the analysis of the lichen flora components in Pangquangou Nature Reserve,30 lichens in the Reserve are preliminarily divided into 4 floristic components(Cosmopolitan element,Temperate element,Circumarctic element and East Asian element)and 4 distribution types(Northern Hemisphere species,Temperate zone species,North temperate zone species and Eurasian distribution type),of which the temperate components are the main ones,accounting for 46.67% of the total lichens in the Reserve.The lichen flora of Pangquangou Nature Reserve was compared with that of other 8 areas with similar latitude and longitude.The results show that,the lichen flora of Pangquangou Nature Reserve is clustered into a group with the Gucheng fungus conservation of Qilian mountain in Gansu Province and Helan mountain in Ningxia,it has the highest similarity coefficient wity lichen species in the Gucheng fungus conservation of Qilian mountain in Gansu Province,followed by Saihanwula Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia,the richness of lichens family,genus and species in Pangquangou is quite different,and the comprehensive richness coefficient is the lowest in the study area.