| The level of scientific literacy of national citizens has become an important indicator of a country's comprehensive national strength and people's living standards.And popular science is aimed at improving the scientific literacy of the public.As one of the most commonly used mass media at present,TV is still the main channel for the public to obtain popular science knowledge,so the importance of popular science TV programs is self-evident.With the development of today's science and technology,the public's requirements for popular science TV programs have gradually increased,while traditional preaching science popularization has not been accepted by the public any more.It is particularly important to spread scientific and cultural knowledge in a relaxed and pleasant interactive environment and realize the education function of science education in popular science programs.The scientific experiment content and on-site experimental process in the experimental science popularization TV program largely show the charm of science.In order to explore the characteristics of the content and communication strategy of the experimental popularization science TV program,this thesis is mainly divided into the following three parts:Research one is the overall investigation of the status quo of experimental popular science TV programs.This part mainly adopts statistical analysis method,by focusing on search CCTV,provincial and municipal TV stations,and online video platforms to find calendar program lists,investigate the program positioning on the official website of each station,and according to the basic concept and connotation of experimental science TV programs to determine whether it is an experimental popular science TV program,complete the census and statistics of Chinese experimental popular science TV program.The conclusions are as follows:(1)In 2005,China began to broadcast experimental popular science TV programs.In 2010,China began to broadcast a large number of experimental popular science TV programs.However,there is a big gap in the number of programs broadcast on the platform.CCTV broadcasts the most and takes up the proportion.Reaching 19% of the total,other satellite TVs have launched fewer experimental science TV programs.(2)The number of broadcast periods of Chinese experimental popular science TV programs is uneven.78% of the experimental popular science TV programs have less than 100 periods,66% of the programs do not exceed 30 minutes in duration,and most programs do not.Coherent broadcast,no brand effect.(3)The audience of most experimental science TV programs in China is the general public,accounting for 66%;while the development of experimental science TV programs for children and adolescents is relatively weak and small,accounting for 25% and 9%respectively.(4)The content of the program has a wide range of topics,but it is mainly based on common sense of life,accounting for 53%.Research two is to explore the scientific content of experimental science popularization TV programs.This part mainly uses text analysis and statistical analysis.Based on the overall survey,according to the ratings ranking of CCTV's CSM52 city,the audience's favorite and representative experimental science TV programs are selected as the research samples.By watching the video,studying carefully frame by frame,sorting out all the dialogues,experiments,principle explanations and other content in the program,the first-hand information has been obtained then the final text content of this research has formed.The distribution of content themes,scientific content and the "Compulsory Education Physics Curriculum Standards(2011 Edition)",in-depth analysis of the content characteristics of the program,and the enlightenment of the program content to science education have been focused on and discussed.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The subject of each subject experiment in the program includes mathematics,physics,chemistry,earth science,biology,computer science,and humanities and social sciences.The subjects are relatively wide and the subject categories are relatively comprehensive.Among them,physics subjects accounted for the largest proportion,reaching up to 71%.(2)Among the themes of physics,the scientific content fits well with the "Curriculum Standards".Comparing with the "Curriculum Standards" three levels of themes one by one,the coverage rate of the scientific content in the program respectively reached 100%,76% and 84%,basically cover the content of junior high school physics.The first-level theme has the most experiments on motion and interaction.The second-level themes include mechanical motion and force,sound and light,electricity and magnetism.The content of the second-level theme has become the focus of popular science.The number of specific experiments on pressure and friction ranked second among the third-level themes.In addition to the content of junior high school physics,a small part of the content involved in physics-related scientific experiments involves some high school and university physics content.(3)From the result of the characteristics of subject selection,It is clear that "physical and chemical biology" in science and the basic application of the subject are more likely valued.Apart from the humanities and social sciences,subjects related to physics,chemistry and biology ranked the top three;the subject matter selection is closely integrated with the development of era,and most of the content in the program focuses on life,science and technology,and military hotspots for scientific popularization,fully demonstrating the hard and soft power of China.Since the latest scientific achievements are popularized,national self-confidence has been enhanced;it has attached importance to the integration of scientific and technological content and Chinese excellent traditional cultural content,made the program content fuller,and enhanced the viewing of the program.At the same time,the scientific content of traditional culture is also a development,which is conducive to promoting the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation.Research three is to analyze the communication strategies of typical experimental popular science TV programs.Program dissemination strategy directly affects the effect of science dissemination of popular science programs.This part adopts case study method and text analysis method to analyze the program's communication strategy in depth from the three dimensions of main element,structural element and performance element.The conclusions are as follows:(1)In terms of the main elements,First of all,the host's language expression is very characteristic.He is good at giving play to the artistry of language expression,paying attention to balancing the rationality and entertainment of his speech,focusing on the cultural connotation and scientific thinking of content of conversations.The feature is embodied in setting up suspense before the experiment,which arouses speculation from the audience.The narration in the experiment is objective and vivid,and the experimental language is standardized and accurate.After the experiment,the summary and sublimation will inspire the audience to love science and culture.Secondly,scientists serve as the program's scientific consultants,effectively participating in the dissemination of scientific knowledge,and providing strong academic theoretical support for the program.Finally,the program invited Internet celebrities to serve as program guests and answering audiences,which has balanced the scientific and entertaining content of the program,strengthen the audience's on-site participation,and enhanced the audience's scientific experience.(2)In terms of structural elements,the program pays attention to the attributes of the audience,is arranged with the needs and interests of the audience as the center,and emphasizes the complementarity of science and art.The characteristics of the link setting are manifested in three parts,the "suspense" of the guessing link,the "novelty" of the experimental link,and the "confrontation" of the answering link.(3)In terms of performance elements,"Exterior view & interior view" makes the effect of the program experiment more authentic and credible.The use of scientific instruments,stage layout,and prop design show people many scientific elements,which highlight the professionalism and interest of the program.Moreover,VR technology has been used to enhance the sense of the scene of scientific experiments.Integrate the popular science functions of mobile phones to realize the "dual-screen interaction" communication between TV and mobile phones.And Internet technology has been employed to extensively solicit experimental ideas to realize the dissemination and feedback of scientific knowledge.Based on the above analysis and conclusions,the corresponding enlightenments can be drawn from two aspects of science popularization programs,science education content,and science education strategies:(1)Popular science programs should balance entertainment and science in the programs.Popularization of science is the primary purpose,and entertainment supplements science communication.The needs and interests of the public should be focused on,and the main position of the audience needs to be strengthened to achieve accurate science popularization.It's better to integrate the "dualscreen interactive" communication on the TV and mobile terminals to help the "Internet& popular science" construction project.(2)The content of science education should come from life and move towards life,and focus on selecting practical knowledge and principles that are close to reality and life.The content of education should be fully integrated into the country's scientific and technological achievements and excellent traditional culture,and establish students' sense of national identity,self-confidence and pride.Natural subjects should involve more experimental content and attach importance to the educational value of experimental courses.(3)In terms of strategies for science education,the curriculum design should be novel,cleverly uses methods such as "suspense","surprise","conflict" and "confrontation" to stimulate students' interest in inquiry.It can be beneficial to use prop model and VR technology to enhance students' experience feeling.A variety of expression methods are integrated in teaching to achieve entertaining and enhance the attractiveness of scientific expression. |
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