| There are two different understanding models of the nature of disaster,one is to emphasize the authenticity of disaster damage,the other is to emphasize the role of social,political and cultural concepts in disaster construction."Disaster" is a kind of meaning.In the group's disaster memory,disaster is the consensus reached by the group on historical events.The group's "disaster memory" relies on the media's memory of the disaster,and the "media memory" plays a certain role in the construction of the disaster,emphasizing the construction of the significance of the disaster,not only emphasizing that the society may learn from the moral lessons of the disaster,but also emphasizing that this moral self-education must be completed by the public themselves.This study uses text analysis method to analyze the commemorative reports of Wenchuan earthquake in people's daily from May 12,2009 to 2019.The research mainly analyzes from three aspects: People's daily constructs the surface memory of Wenchuan earthquake,people's daily constructs the deep memory of Wenchuan earthquake and the effect of media constructs the disaster memory.First of all,the media constructs the surface memory of the disaster through "number of reports","edition of reports","genre of reports" and so on,and guides the public to make intuitive judgment on the importance through the number of reports;through the edition of reports,it can be found that the media "design consensus" with the function of agenda setting;through the genre of reports,it enriches the connotation of the disaster,and uses various genres to trigger the public's response to the disaster Memory and emotion of disaster,so as to reach resonance and consensus.Secondly,the media will enter the construction of "deep memory" through "surface memory".Generally speaking,"deep memory" also has general "representation" and "pattern".The general representation of deep memory is through "words" and "pictures".High frequency words are the result of value selection of media.The setting of high frequency words can guide and influence the memory of the public,while "pictures" can enrich the reading space through real space scenes,characters,etc.,and mobilize the power of public memory.The presentation of deep memory is mainly realized by "anniversary memory","thematic memory" and "stage memory"."Anniversary memory" is a normal behavior of media commemoration,which has become a conventional means for media workers to recall important people and events;"special memory" can enhance the depth of media memory and fully mobilize the public's perception and emotion about Wenchuan earthquake through the setting of "special reports" and "special issues";and "Staged memory" is the stage memory content segmentation of media for disaster resistance,relief,reconstruction and prevention.The general representation of media's deep memory is the presentation of "declarative memory",and the general mode is the embodiment of media's "procedural memory".Declarative memory guides the public's common understanding of disasters,and procedural memory deepens the public's common understanding of disasters.Through the text analysis of the people's daily Wenchuan earthquake commemoration report,it is found that there are two aspects of the effect of media memory on disaster consensus: "contrapuntal shaping" and "hierarchical construction".Among them,"contrapuntal shaping" mainly includes: "contrapuntal construction" and "hierarchical construction".Among them,"contrapuntal construction" mainly shows that the "traumatic memory" of disaster will shape the "grief consensus" of the whole society,the "reconstruction memory" of disaster area will shape a "hope consensus" for the whole society,and the "disaster prevention memory" after disaster will shape the collective "disaster reduction consensus" in the whole society.From the perspective of hierarchical construction,it is mainly the "life consensus" generated by the media memory of disaster events to individuals,the "development consensus" of the country from the government level,and the "disaster consensus" of the collective from the social level.It can be seen that the media need to shoulder certain "memory responsibility" for the memory construction of disasters.First of all,the media need to enhance the "sense of continuity" of disaster remembrance reports.At any time,the media should have a basic awareness of the disaster,and the past cannot be forgotten.Secondly,we need to establish a "dialogue awareness",build a memory community,and build a real "memorial community" and "memory community" through dialogue with the people who have been affected by the disaster and the current public.Finally,we need to have a sense of "breaking the stand".Both traditional media and new media should form multiple memory forms with the help of the development of technology,and establish media memory in line with the era environment.In this way,we can strengthen the awareness and recognition of the public in each era,and promote the formation of disaster consensus. |
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