Research On Climate Adaptive Optimization Design Of Traditional Residential Buildings In Jinan Mountainous Area

Since ancient times,the existence and evolution of the traditional dwellings in Jinan Mountain area are closely related to the climate.In its long-term historical development process,it has formed a unique adaptability to the local climate from the location layout,spatial form,material structure and other aspects,representing a strong regional characteristics.With the rapid development of the current economy and society and the continuous improvement of the material living standards,People have higher and higher requirements for the comfort of living space,but the building performance of traditional dwellings is gradually aging and declining with the passage of time,the space comfort is decreasing,and the building energy consumption is high,which has shown a lot of problems and deficiencies,To improve and optimize the climate adaptability of mountain dwellings is not only the urgent needs of the current residents,but also the earnest expectation of the whole society.Based on the investigation of the traditional dwellings in Jinan Mountain area,the influence of climate on the dwellings in mountain area is clarified,and the climate adaptability methods and technologies of the dwellings in mountain area in group layout,spatial form and construction technology are extracted.On the basis of field measurement and questionnaire survey,Ecotect software is used as a technical means to simulate and analyze the current mountain dwellings from five aspects of street layout,space combination,courtyard scale,building floors and envelope structure,summarize the existing problems and shortcomings of the current dwellings,and obtain the scientific cognition and evaluation of the indoor microclimate quality of the dwellings,Based on this,the optimization objectives and strategies are put forward.The climate adaptability optimization strategy of traditional dwellings in mountainous areas includes group layout,building function and space,landscape construction and envelope structure.At the group layout level,through the optimization of road network structure and building layout,both winter wind protection and summer heat removal can be realized;In addition,in order to meet the needs of indoor thermal environment,the optimization suggestions on building function,depth,spacing and number of floors are put forward to further improve the indoor comfort of traditional dwellings;In terms of landscape construction,the landscape in horizontal and vertical directions is the focus,and the indoor thermal environment is improved by adding deciduous broad-leaved tree species in the courtyard and planting climbing vine plants on the gable;On the one hand,the indoor lighting is improved by optimizing the window to wall ratio and window to floor ratio;on the other hand,the thermal performance of the enclosure is enhanced by new materials and new construction methods.