Research On Development Of Private Middle School In Chongqing During The Anti-Japanesewar

After the Qing Dynasty China was in a phase of transformation from the traditional to themodern, and the relatively unbalanced development in all areas of society, especially the laggedeconomic development, resulted in the restrictions of education development in operational fundsand the amount and professional aspects of demand for talent. In situation of the disability ofgovernment to hold large-scale education, private education played an integral role of making up.Therefore, after the establishment of the Republic by SUN Yet-sen, series of policies werepromulgated and various measures were taken to encourage private capital to set up all types ofschools at all levels. Thanks to the support of the government of the Republic, private schoolsdeveloped rapidly and were increasingly regularized. Both the number and scale of schools wereenlarged, thus the number of students increased and the training quality was improved.Secondary education is in the education connection point of absorbing students havingcompleted primary education and providing talents for higher education. It plays a dual role to traintalents. Therefore, whether the secondary education in an area is developed or not may be regardedas a sign to determine whether the education of this area is developed.Before the Anti-Japanese War, the secondary education in Chongqing, was underdeveloped,and the secondary education was not a municipal jurisdiction of the government. The locations ofschools were irrationally arranged and insufficient schools were offered. With the improvement ofthe political status of Chongqing in the wartime, the economic and cultural development, thepopulation increase, the social needs of people at various positions, the supervision and guidance ofthe government, and the increased education professionals, the private secondary schools inChongqing flourished.The private Fudan Middle school in Chongqing had some different charactercompared with the public middle school in their teaching tenets and methods,financesources,management and the faculty and students．The existence and development of theprivate middle schools promoted the regional education in Chongqing. The prosperity of privateschools in Chongqing had indications. On the one hand, encouraging and supporting private schoolsbecame an important duty of the government for the development of education in the special warperiod and at the odd embarrassment of the insufficient financial resources and support; on the other hand, private donation to develop education to prevent the country from the decline became anationwide movement, which from the level of practice confirms that education is the cause of thepeople themselves.