| Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis in feeding Bacillus are widely used in stock farming because they can secrete multiple probiotics as enzymes,antimicrobial peptides,short chain fatty acids and so on in the process of growth and metabolism,and they also have good tolerance.To evaluate the practical application effect of Clostridium butyricum combined with Bacillus subtilis on Guangxi Sanhuang chicken,the Lichun Sanhuang Chicken,which has been identified by the national new breed of livestock and poultry(complete set line),was selected as the experiment object to study the effect on growth performance,intestinal morphology and gut microbes when adding them in different breeding modes,and provide some data reference for the selection of substitute after the prohibition of feed antibiotics,as well as for the research on the intestinal health of Guangxi Sanhuang chicken and the healthy breeding mode.The study was divided into two modes: cage mode and scattered rearing mode.The cage model: 33750 Lichun Sanhuang Chicken caged reared to 35 days old were selected and then reared in cages in the following 35-80 days.They were divided into two stages and three treatment groups as LA,LB and LC,namely Clostridium butyricum group(500 g/t added),Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis composite group(hereinafter referred to as complex bacteria group,1000 g/t added),blank control group.There were 5 replicates in each group: 2250 replicates for each in the first stage(35-49d),and 200 replicates for each in the second stage(50-80d).Scattered rearing mode: 30000 Lichun Sanhuang Chicken of 49 days old reared in cage mode were selected and then ground scattered reared to 50-80 days old,whch divided into three treatment groups: SA,SB and SC,namely Clostridium butyricum group(500 g/t added),Complex bacteria group(1000 g/t added),and blank control group,each group had 5 repetitions,each repetition had 2000 chickens.During the test,samples were taken at 35 days,49 days,and 80 days to record the growth performance,intestinal morphology and gut microbes.Both modes were fully restricted feeding.The experimental results show as follows:1.In the cage mode,the growth performance of Lichun Sanhuang Chicken was not significantly affected by the addition of Clostridium butyricum and Complex bacteria in the diet(P > 0.05)while there was a certain trend of improvement;the addition of Clostridium butyricum and Complex bacteria could significantly increase the ratio of villi to crypt(P < 0.05),reduce the depth of crypt(P < 0.05);increase the ratio of villi to crypt of ileum(P < 0.05);the development of intestinal villi in duodenum and jejunum would be more mature with the increasing age;the addition of Clostridium butyricum and Complex bacteria could increase the proportion of Clostridium;the addition of Clostridium butyricum could also increase the proportion of Ruminococcus;the addition of Complex bacteria could increase the abundance and diversity of gut microbes;the abundance and diversity of gut microbes of Lichun Sanhuang Chicken were decreasing with the increasing age.2.In the scattered rearing mode,there was no significant difference on the effect of Clostridium butyricum and Complex bacteria added in the diet on the growth performance of Lichun Sanhuang Chicken(P >0.05),but there was a certain trend of improvement;the addition of Clostridium butyricum and Complex bacteria could significantly increase the ratio of villus to cryptic in the duodenum and ileum of Lichun Sanhuang Chicken(P < 0.05);the addition of Clostridium butyricum could significantly increase the height of jejunum villus(P < 0.05)and the ratio of villus to cryptic(P < 0.05);both addingClostridium butyricum and Complex bacteria could significantly increase the proportion of Clostridium in the intestine,adding Clostridium butyricum could also increase the proportion of Ruminococcus;adding Clostridium butyricum and Complex bacteria could improve the abundance and diversity of the gut microbes;the abundance and diversity of the gut microbes of Lichun Sanhuang Chicken could be improved after the transfermation of cage to scattered rearing.The results summarized from the two experiments showed that the growth performance of Lichun Sanhuang Chicken was improved by adding Clostridium butyricum and Complex bacteria in the diet,which could promote the development of intestinal morphology and the propagation of beneficial bacteria.In the meantime,the growth performance and intestinal morphology development of the cage mode of Lichun Sanhuang Chicken was better than that of the scattered rearing mode,while the abundance and diversity of gut microbes of the scattered rearing mode was better than that of the cage mode,suggesting that the best breeding mode of the combination of cage and scattered rearing of Lichun Sanhuang Chicken needs further study. |
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