Research And Practice Of Village Planning In Qiang Mountainous Area Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization

With the proposal of Rural Revitalization Strategy,higher requirements are put forward on how to reasonably plan and guide rural development.However,for a long time,due to various kinds of planning,complex system,overlapping and conflict of departmental responsibilities,planning indicators and technical standards are not unified and other factors,rural planning is difficult to play the role of spatial planning.As the only Qiang Autonomous County in China,Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County in Mianyang City,Sichuan Province has made remarkable achievements in its recovery and reconstruction after the 2008 earthquake.However,the compilation of rural planning is still in its infancy.Problems such as extensive and inefficient rural land use,disordered industrial layout,degradation of ethnic features and difficulties in returning home to start a business are still prominent.Under the background of Rural Revitalization Strategy,this study takes the concept of "multi planning into one" as the breakthrough point,according to the new ideas and new concepts of ecological civilization and green development,taking Anmian village in Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County as an example,aiming at the unique rural features and living customs of Qiang mountain areas,through literature review,field research,case analysis and other methods,carried out the Anmian village planning under the background of Rural Revitalization Research practice.To provide guidance for the control and development of ethnic minority land space use,realize "one blueprint" to lead development,promote health and sustainable improvement,and boost rural revitalization.The planning results are as follows:(1)Through the overall layout planning of Anmian village’s land space,the land space structure of "two wings,two areas,one axis and many points" is planned and constructed.According to the whole area development goal orientation of Anmian village,the planning is to In 2035,the ecological land will be adjusted from 368.09 HA in 2019 to365.45 ha,accounting for 32.15% of the total land area;the agricultural land scale will be adjusted from 754.00 ha to 755.05 ha,increasing by 1.05 ha,accounting for 66.42%of the total land area;the construction land will be adjusted from 14.68 ha to 14.38 ha,with a decrease of 0.3 ha,accounting for 1.26% of the total land area.According to the plan,some natural reserves with low utilization efficiency and undeveloped land are arranged as flexible land,with an area of 1.89 hectares,accounting for 0.17% of the total land area.(2)Through the ecological protection and restoration planning of Anmian village,the ecological protection pattern of "two areas and one corridor" is constructed.We should fully implement the river(Lake)system,carry out the construction of beautiful rivers and lakes,protect and repair rural water conservation areas,strengthen the protection of ancient and famous trees,and strengthen the greening of rural access roads,concentrated residential areas,front and back houses,and leisure areas.(3)Based on the results of land change survey,geographical condition monitoring,cultivated land quality survey,monitoring and evaluation in 2017,combined with the third national land survey and field survey,the planned permanent basic farmland protection area is 31.09 hectares,accounting for 2.73% of the total land area;there is no basic farmland reserve area in the whole region.(4)In terms of construction land use and control,the construction land planning which is necessary for agricultural production and villagers’ life is mainly guaranteed.During the planning period,the scale of residential construction land is reduced from 9.64 hectares to 7.96 hectares after planning.At the end of the planning period,the total amount of construction land in the whole region has been adjusted from the current 12.8 ha to the planned 12.5 ha.Through comprehensive land consolidation,the planning actively carries out rural construction land consolidation,finds out the irrational,inadequate and abandoned low efficiency construction land,and formulates corresponding measures for consolidation and transformation,and optimizes the extensive use of urban and rural construction land in villages.According to the results of the three adjustments,the spatial layout of various construction land should be optimized,and the land leveling should be implemented to improve the land utilization and productivity.(5)In terms of land consolidation and restoration planning,according to the requirements of township level planning and land consolidation planning,it is estimated that the withdrawal potential of rural construction land is 1.7 hectares at the end of the planning period.In terms of farmland remediation potential,3.4 hectares of plantation land will be restored to cultivated land.In the aspect of rural construction land consolidation and reclamation,1.32 hectares of scattered villagers’ house land and 0.36 hectares of abandoned industrial land are planned to be demolished and sorted out.The construction land indicators sorted out are mainly used for industrial development land index of 1.4 hectares and the remaining 0.3 hectares.During the planning period,soil pollution investigation and comprehensive treatment of excessive cultivated land were carried out.(6)In terms of industrial development norms,according to the characteristics of the scale industry of the Qiang people in Anmian village,the rural industrial system with characteristic breeding and Qiang cultural tourism is constructed,and the industrial development structure of "one core,one axis,four areas and multiple points" is planned.The primary industry will vigorously develop the cultivation of organic agricultural products,the cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine on the plateau and the breeding of livestock on the plateau.In terms of the third industry,Anmian village will be built into a post station of qingpian Township scenic spot and a display base of Qiang culture and folk customs.Through tamping water conservancy infrastructure construction,speeding up the construction of information engineering,strengthening the construction of rural industrial supporting facilities,building the agricultural infrastructure system covering the whole area,and comprehensively improving the guarantee capacity and level of infrastructure for industrial development.(7)In terms of basic implementation and public service facilities,according to the characteristics of Anmian village settlement,and based on the principle of "public transport connection and multi village sharing",a "rural life circle" is constructed to carry out the planning of external traffic,road network layout,walking system,new roads and parking lots.Water supply system,drainage system,power engineering,communication engineering,environmental sanitation facilities are planned.Plan for fire control,flood control,earthquake resistance and geological disaster prevention.(8)According to the overall architectural style control requirements of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County,the main content of renovation is "removing dangerous houses,rectifying old houses,governing illegal houses and controlling new houses".Combined with the actual situation of Anmian village,the architectural style is unified as the traditional Qiang architectural style,which changes the common phenomenon of only seeing new houses and not seeing new appearances in the past village construction,and strengthening the characteristics of Anmian village...