| For thousands of years,human settlement wisdom has been gradually derived from the long-term interaction between human and nature.However,since the coordinated development of urban and rural areas,the process of urbanization has been gradually accelerated,"urban culture" has blurred the villagers’ original wisdom of living,resulting in polarization between society and settlement,shrinking cohesion of rural society,rapid expansion of settlement space,and aggravating the difference between the planning and construction of public space and the actual needs of villagers.Rural public space as an important carrier of rural life,its long-term evolution process and how to optimize the current public space to meet the practical needs of modern rural development,is a practical problem worthy of discussion.In this paper,Yanliang District of Xi’an city is selected as the research scope.Based on combing and analyzing the basic theories and practical cases of rural public space at home and abroad,the evolution,law,status and optimization strategy of rural public space in Yanliang District of Xi’an city are studied from the perspective of social space.The author uses SPSS Pearson’s "bivariate correlation analysis" to analyze the correlation between rural society and rural space,and divides the evolution process of Yanliang rural public space into three periods:traditional society period(221-1912 BC),modern society period(1912-1949),collectivization period(1949-1978),post reform and opening up period(1978-2008)The new century period(2008-now)is described in five periods.The rural social background,the existence of rural public space and the corresponding villagers’ social interaction in each period are studied,and the evolution rules of rural public space are summarized: the function change of rural public space affected by policy retraction,the change of social communication ethics stimulated by economic reform,the change of social interaction ethics stimulated by policy retraction,and the change of social interaction ethics stimulated by economic reform The game between topdown and bottom-up rural management.Secondly,through pspl survey and questionnaire survey,four typical villages in Yanliang are selected to study their public space evolution,current public space problems and attribute characteristics.This paper summarizes the material and social attributes of Yanliang rural public space.The material attributes include the different conditions of each village,the centripetal distribution of public space,and the multiple elements of public space;The characteristics of social attributes include promoting social interaction,continuing social network and maintaining social order,and constructing rural community.Based on the analysis of the current situation of Yanliang rural public space research,this paper concludes that there are some problems in Yanliang rural public space,such as the disconnection between function and demand,the gradual decline of publicity,the lack of regional culture and so on.Finally,based on the evolution law and practical problems of Yanliang rural public space,this paper discusses the optimization strategy of rural public space,and puts forward the optimization strategy of social level and spatial level.At the social level,it puts forward two strategies: the optimization of social subject system and the optimization of rural social interaction system;In order to activate the vitality of rural public space and create a pleasant environment with regional characteristics,five strategies are proposed from the spatial level,including clarifying the needs of villagers,combing the local elements,building a reasonable scale,compound spatial functions and adhering to multi-party coordination.In a word,based on the perspective of social space,this paper studies the evolution and optimization strategy of Yanliang rural public space,aiming to provide theoretical research and optimization strategy for Yanliang District and similar villages in Guanzhong. |
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