| The school district system has been implemented in urban areas for many years in China,aiming at promoting equal education opportunities within school catchment area and promoting balanced development of compulsory education.With the urban population gathering and people’s living quality improving,there are still deficiencies in the public service of compulsory education,mainly including: uneven distribution of schools,unreasonable division of school districts,insufficient capacity of schools,and insufficient quality education resources.The dynamic spatial evaluation of school district and school redistricting have always been the focus of scholars in the field of planning and education.On the basis of studying relevant literatures,this paper explores a dynamic evaluation framework for urban compulsory education school districts,and puts forward a dynamic spatial optimization strategy for education resources.Empirical research is conducted on urban public compulsory education schools in Xihu District of Hangzhou City from 2018 to 2019.Major findings are summarized as follows:The dynamic evaluation framework for urban compulsory education school districts is established including four aspects: bearing pressure,accessibility,service ability,and equalization of schools,and is conducted at multi-scale of community,school district and neighborhood.The results find out the uneven educational resource distribution under school districts,and provide the key direction for the spatial optimization of education resources.Particularly,the measurement of accessibility and service ability have been conducted at two spatial levels,i.e.school district(students go to counterpart schools)and nearest school(students go to nearest schools).This paper then proposes a spatial optimization strategy for school redistricting towards nearby enrollment and balanced development.On this basis,K-means clustering and PSO algorithm are employed to construct a school location model towards enrolling nearby and maximizing service coverage.After school redistricting,the accessibility and service ability of schools has been improved,and the differences between schools have narrowed. |
