Analysis And Relationship Between Water And Energy Consumption In Shanghai Based On Water Saving And Carbon Reduction

Under the pressure of increasing water and energy consumption and carbon peaks,it is necessary to sort out and analyze the water-energy relationship and find a coordinated development path for water-saving and carbon-reduction.Shanghai is one of the most developed economic and social cities in my country.In 2019,the water consumption of the city reached 7.6 billion cubic meters and the total energy consumption was about 116.9646 million tons of standard coal.The problem of water energy consumption is increasing.It is severe,therefore,analyzing Shanghai's water resources and energy consumption is of great significance to the nation's water saving and carbon reduction.This paper divides the water-energy relationship into three types:synergy,antagonism and parallelism.In terms of quantity,from the perspective of inventory,it can be divided into four combinations according to the average value of water consumption and energy consumption of the industry or technology;from the perspective of increase,it can be divided by judging the increase and decrease of water energy compared with traditional technologies and methods.Comprehensive analysis can divide the quantity relationship of water energy into four combinations:more water and more energy,less water and less energy,more water and less energy,and less water and more energy.For less water and more energy,water saving means carbon reduction;for less water and more energy and more water and less energy,it is necessary to judge whether water saving and carbon reduction can be achieved based on calculations.The analysis methods of water-related energy consumption are sorted out,and the calculation methods for water-saving and carbon-reduction are discussed according to the type of water energy,and the path of water-saving and carbon-reduction is proposed.This paper selects Qingpu District,Shanghai as a case study area for water saving and carbon reduction.According to the calculation method in Chapter 2,the carbon emission intensity of water industry unit tap water in Qingpu District is 0.855kg/m~3,and the actual river water intake in Qingpu District is 49.66 in 2020.10,000 m~3,which can save 106,800 m~3 of water and reduce carbon emissions by 269.65 tons;Qingpu's sewage recycling uses annual reuse water to replace 2.263 million m~3 of tap water,which can reduce carbon emissions by 1219.8 tons.Analyzed the carbon reduction benefits of the 14th Five-Year Plan for water conservation in Qingpu District.By 2025,Qingpu District can save at least 6,385,300 cubic meters of water per year and reduce carbon emissions by 5,459.43 tons;by 2035,it can achieve annual water savings of at least 18,225,400.Cubic meters,reducing carbon emissions by 15,582.72 tons.Compared with public water supply,river water and sewage recycling are of the type with less water and less energy.For sewage reuse after upgrading and transformation,the energy consumption per unit of sewage treatment has increased after the transformation,but it is more convenient to supply enterprises due to the improvement of effluent water quality,which saves more tap water,belongs to the type where less water can be more.This paper calculates and analyzes Shanghai's energy and water consumption in space-time dimensions.The results show that the overall water consumption in Shanghai increased first and then decreased rapidly from 2000 to 2019,and then tended to flatten out.Energy consumption has continued to rise during the same period,with a large increase in the previous period,but has slowly increased in recent years;in terms of water consumption,Pudong New Area used the most water in 2019,but the output water consumption was the smallest.It is necessary to control the total water consumption while maintaining high water efficiency.Baoshan District's water consumption and output value are both high,and it is necessary to strengthen water-saving management and improve water-use efficiency.Chongming District consumes less water,but the output value water consumption is relatively high,and it is necessary to increase water conservation and management efforts.Huangpu District has the best balance between resource utilization and economic development.In terms of energy consumption,Pudong New Area consumed the most energy in 2019,followed by Minhang District and Fengxian District,and Chongming District consumed the least energy.The energy consumption of the output value of the central urban area is generally high,and Jiading District and Songjiang District have the best balance of total resource control and economic development.This paper combines the input-output table and statistical yearbook of the Shanghai area to analyze the water resources and energy consumption of various industries in Shanghai in 2017,and classifies the water-energy relationship types according to the water consumption and the average proportion of energy consumption in 8 industries.The results show that the mining industry and other service industries in Shanghai are low in water and energy.In 2017,the mining industry consumes only21,600 cubic meters of water and 9,000 tons of standard coal,which has the least impact on resources and the environment.Agriculture,construction,commerce and catering industries belong to the category of more water and less energy,while the transportation,post and telecommunications industries,and electric,hot,and gas supply industries belong to the category of less water and more energy.Processing and manufacturing industries and other industries consume more water and energy,which is the focus of water saving and carbon reduction control.This paper analyzes the water efficiency and energy efficiency of various industries,designs a water energy efficiency matrix,and conducts water saving and carbon reduction analysis.The results show that most industries are located in areas where there is little water and energy.Petroleum processing,ferrous metals,chemical raw materials,and papermaking are in areas where water and carbon are abundant,and water conservation and carbon reduction must be strengthened.Drinks,waste resource utilization,textiles,food,etc.are in areas with more water and less energy,and water conservation needs to be strengthened.Chemical fiber belongs to the category of less water and more energy.In terms of water efficiency,it is close to the dividing line.It is necessary to strengthen energy conservation and carbon reduction at the level of maintaining water conservation..In the context of water price adjustments,if the water consumption of industrial products in Shanghai is increased from a general value to an advanced value,it will reduce industrial water consumption by 275 million cubic meters in 2018 and reduce carbon emissions by 235,100 tons.