Study On Seasonal Dynamics And Diversity Of Bird Community In Meiyuan River National Wetland Park,Kangxian County

The Meiyuan River National Wetland Park in Kangxian County was approved in2014,and it took five years of pilot construction before it was officially inaugurated.Because it is a rural wetland park based on natural wetland development,it can not only play a great ecological function,but also play a very important role in conserving water,maintaining biodiversity and promoting the development of local ecotourism.It is also the best place for all kinds of animals and plants to inhabit and reproduce.However,although the species resources in wetland parks are abundant,the relevant background data and basic research are few,especially the birds,which are often used as indicators to monitor the quality of wetland ecological environment.The related investigation data are very lacking.Based on this,from July 2019 to September 2020,the wild bird resources of Meiyuan River National Wetland Park in Kangxian County,Longnan City were comprehensively and systematically investigated by sample line method,The aim is to provide data support for subsequent research and protection efforts in the region.The diversity and similarity of bird communities among different habitats in different seasons are analyzed and explored.The main results are as follows:1.A total of 133 species of birds were recorded,belonging to 15 orders and 42 families.In terms of fauna,the most widely distributed species were 100 species(75.19%);Oriental birds were second with 32 species(24.06%);There was only one species(0.75%)of Palaearctic birds.According to the distribution types,it can be divided into 10 types,such as the type that is not easy to be classified,the South China type,the East Ocean type,the Palaearctic type,and the Himalaya-Hengduan mountain region type.In terms of resident type,the largest number of resident birds were 75 species(56.39%),It reflects that the wetland park provides a suitable habitat and breeding place for a variety of birds.The second species were summer migratory birds,with 38 species(28.57%);There were 12 species of traveler birds(9.02%);Winter migratory birds were the least,with only 8 species(6.02%).Survey also found three new records of birds in Gansu Province: Greater White-fronted Goose(Anser albifrons),Black Bulbul(Hypsipetes leucocephalus),Yellow-browed Bunting(Emberiza chrysophrys).2.A total of 1 species of national I class key protected birds and 15 national class II key protected birds were found in the wetland park,7 species were rated as near danger(NT),and 1 species was vulnerable(VU)in wetland park;There are 8species of endemic birds in China,10 species listed in the appendix II the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES Convention).3.Using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index,the Pielou evenness index,the Simpson dominance index and the richness index.The results showed that the Summer diversity index was the highest in four seasons(4.2345)and the lowest in winter(3.5642).The results show that the vegetation luxuriantly in summer and the food resources of birds are abundant,which is beneficial to the breeding and habitat of birds.4.According to the characteristics of vegetation type and topography distribution in wetland park,it is divided into three habitats: wetland,woodland and residential area.The species composition and community diversity of bird communities in three habitats in different seasons were analyzed.It was found that the diversity index of bird communities in each season was: woodland > residential area >wetland.It shows that the intensity of artificial interference in wetland habitat is high.5.The similarity index was used to analyze the bird communities in different habitats in different seasons,and some differences were found.The similarity between residential and woodland habitats was the highest among the three habitats in Spring(0.6389);the highest similarity was found between residential and woodland habitats in Summer(0.5950);the highest similarity was found between residential and woodland habitats in Autumn(0.5859);the highest similarity between residential and woodland habitats in Winter(0.6667).6.Based on the above investigation and research,the main problems of bird habitat in wetland parks include: over-development of wetland parks,garbage pollution and other problems.And Based on this,the paper puts forward some measures to protect the birds of wetland park by rational planning of infrastructure construction,strengthening pollution prevention and control supervision and strengthening ecological protection propaganda and law enforcement.