Research On Avian Diversity And Community Structure In Honghaizi Wetland Park Of Yijihnhuoluo, Inner Mongolia

The community structure and seasonal dynamic of birds at 4 habitats in Honghaizi Wetland Park of Yijinhuoluo were investigated from October 2012 to September 2013 utilizing line transects and fixed-radius points method. As a result a total of 116 bird species were recorded which belonged to 16 orders,36 families. Among them,49 were summer visitors and 9 were winter visitors; 24 were residents and 34 were passage migrants. The birds in the wetland were divided into 4 communities (wetland, woodland, scrubland and populated) according to local shaped landforms and vegetation types in the survey area. The highest diversity index (3.0420) and evenness index (0.6866) of bird community occurred in wetland; the lowest diversity index (0.5991) and evenness index (0.2270) of bird occurred in populated area; the lowest dominance index of bird occurred in wetland (0.0788), the highest dominance index of bird occurred in populated area (0.7657); woodland and scrubland had the highest similarity index (0.6667) and wetland and populated area had the lowest similarity index (0.2041). From the view of different seasons, the diversity index of birds was highest in spring and lowest in winter. The highest similarity index of birds was found between spring and summer, while the lowest was found between summer and winter. The bird community structure of each habitat changed significantly with season, the ecological environment and ecological distribution of birds seasonal difference and closely related to Honghaizi Wetland Park. On April 12,2013, a total of 2340 Relict Gulls(Larus relictus) were spotted at Honghaizi Wetland Park in Yijinhuoluo, Inner Mongolia. This finding indicated that this area was an important feeding site for Relict Gull in spring which is a first class national protected bird species. This paper analyzed the reasons for the relevance between the main advantage of bird species and their habitat characteristics, wetland bird biodiversity and the seasonal differences, and explained the main reason for these changes (the type and quantity increased compared to June 2008-May 2009) in the composition of bird species, and inferred that diseases and mortality of birds and fish could be caused by change of water quality, so as to provide reference for protecting bird resources and ecological environment of Honghaizi Wetland Park, and to provide basic data for the research of Wetland Park in our country.