The Diversity Of Birds And Mammals In Nanshan National Park,hunan Province

In order to master the current situation of bird and animal resources in Nanshan National Park,Hunan Province,and provide basis for the protection of birds and animals in different habitat types and the sustainable utilization of wildlife resources in the park.From March 2018 to may 2019,66 samples and infrared cameras with a total length of 248 km were set up to investigate the community structure and diversity of birds and mammals in Nanshan National Park of Hunan Province.The bird community diversity of the whole park and the four ecoenvironments in the park were compared and analyzed.The main findings are as follows:(1)A total of 135 species of birds were investigated,belonging to 14 orders and 44 families,were investigated.Passeriformes accounted for the largest proportion with 92 species.There are 87 species of resident birds,40 species of winter visitor birds and summer visitor birds and 5species of passage migrants.Composition of the flora is highest in south China and central China.One species of national first-level key protected birds and 17 species of national second-level key protected birds were surveyed.84 species are listed as the terrestrial wildlife under state protection which are beneficial,scientific and important economic value;52 species of birds under protection in Hunan province;5 species of endemic birds in China.CITES Appendix I bird 1 species,Appendix II birds 13 species;3 species of Red List Vulnerable(VU)and 9 species of Near Threatened(NT)birds.A total of 12 species of mammals were investigated,belonging to 3 orders and 6 families.Carnivores accounts for the largest proportion,with 6 species,Rodents and Artiodactyla each having 4 species.Red legged long snout squirrels are the most widely distributed and relatively abundant,followed by the wild pigs.Composition of the flora is highest in south China and central China.One mammal species under second-level key protection was investigated.11 species are listed as the terrestrial wildlife under state protection which are beneficial,scientific and important economic value;8 species of birds under protection in Hunan province.One mammal of CITES Appendix I and one animal of Appendix II;4 species of Red List Vulnerable(VU)and 4 species of Near Threatened(NT)mammals.(2)Shannon diversity index is 3.6498 and Shannon evenness index is0.7547 of birds in Nanshan National Park,Hunan Province.Compared with Dongting Lake geographical unit,Shunhuangshan National Nature Reserve,Jiangxi tiger brain Provincial Nature Reserve and Guizhou Aha Lake National Wetland Park,the diversity index and evenness index are in the middle level except for the number of bird species next to Dongting Lake geographical unit.According to the diversity index analysis,the comprehensive evaluation of grassland habitat in Alpine platform is the best,followed by coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest habitat,wetland habitat again,and broad-leaved forest habitat evaluation is low,in which the diversity of wetland habitat and broad-leaved forest habitat is significantly different.From the community similarity analysis,the similarity between grassland and wetland is the lowest,and the similarity between wetland and broad-leaved forest is the highest.(3)The annual and four-season rhythms of three common mammals and 1 common pheasant family were investigated.It was found that the activity curves of the whole year were bimodal,and the activity intensity of Silver Pheasant of the four seasons was significantly different,autumn > summer > spring > winter.The activity intensity of red legged long snout squirrel in autumn was significantly higher than that of the other three seasons,but the difference of activity intensity in the other three seasons was not obvious.The activity intensity of wild boar was the highest in autumn and the lowest in spring.No recorded activity of weasels during daytime(08:00-18:00),the activity intensity is the highest in summer,winter activity intensity is the least,the activity intensity of spring and autumn is in the meantime and the difference is not obvious.