Study On Plant And Bird Diversity Of Sanggan River Wetland Park In Datong

Sangan river national wetland park in Datong,Shanxi is located in Yunzhou district,Datong city,Shanxi province.It is one of the largest wetland parks in Shanxi province.The biodiversity in the wetland park is rich and has very important conservation value.Since the establishment of the Sanggan river national wetland park,there have been few reports on related biodiversity research.Therefore,in this study,sample method,sample point method and sample line method were used to analyze the species,quantity,seasonal variation and correlation of wild animals and plants in wetland parks,which timely supplemented the blank of animal and plant data in Sangganhe National Wetland Park and provided suggestions for the protection of biodiversity in wetland parks.The results are as follows:1.A total of 154 species of plants,belonging to 111 genera,44 families,were recorded in the Wetland Park,and wild soybean was a rare and protected plant at the national level II.There were 128 species of herbaceous plant,and the most important value were Typha angustifolia,Carex spp,Elymus dahuricus and Phragmites communis.The richness index of herbaceous plant was the highest,followed by trees and shrubs,and the evenness index of herbaceous plant fluctuated little,and the community structure was more complete.2.A total of 126 species of birds belonging to 18 orders and 40 families were recorded in the wetland park,including 27 species of national key protected animals,such as Ciconia nigra,Cygnus cygnus and Cygnus columbianus.The bird composition of the wetland park is most abundant in passerines,accounting for 29.37% of the total number of birds.A total of 19 species of breeding waterbirds,accounting for 15.08% of the total number of birds in the region.The abundance index of birds in the four seasons from large to small was: autumn > spring > summer > winter,and the total number and species of birds were the most in autumn;Among the eight habitat types of wetland,kutang wetland and artificial forest,the Shannon-Wiener index is from large to small in the order of kutang wetland > river wetland > artificial forest > marsh wetland > shrub > grassland > residential area > farmland,the Pielou index from large to small was plantation > kutang wetland > river wetland > residential area > marsh wetland > grassland > shrub > farmland,and the similarity among different habitats was the highest between marsh wetland and kutang wetland(0.6737).3.Thirteen species of plants were found to be most closely related to birds,providing habitat and food resources for different species of birds.Trees were preferred habitats for most birds,while grass seed plants attracted birds to feed,however,there were few species of trees and shrubs in the wetland park at present.It is suggested that plant configuration should be improved according to birds’ feeding and nesting habits.4.In the course of this study,we still founded some factors that destroy the wetland environment,such as herdsman grazing,river pollution,illegal poaching and pesticide use,etc.