Bird Species Diversity And Habitat Restoration Measures In Jiuyi River National Wetland Park,Hunan Province

The species diversity and habitat of wetland park are the basis for wetland park management departments to formulate protection countermeasures.Hunan Jiuyi River National Wetland Park was approved to carry out the pilot work as national wetland park by State Forestry Administration in 2015,and it has passed acceptance check and been awarded the national wetland park plaque formally in December of last year after years of construction and development.This paper hope to comprehensively understand the protection and utilization of bird resources of wetland park and provide basic data for the quality evaluation of the ecological system up to a point and the scientific basis for the restoration and construction of bird habitat through the investigation and analysis the bird diversity and community structure in Jiuyi River National Wetland Park.This study has carried out a field survey on the composition,distribution,population size and dynamics of birds in the wetland park from January 2019 to December 2020,and put forward the corresponding habitat restoration measures,combined with the analysis of bird habitat.The main results are as follows:(1)Species composition and residence type of birds:A total of 5401 individual birds,140 species,belonging to 49 families,15 orders,were investigated in the Wetland Park.Among them,79 species of passerine birds accounted for 56%of the total bird species in the wetland park.The next was Charadriiformes,accounting for 8%.There are 30 species of wetland birds,accounting for 21%.The floristic composition is dominated by the Oriental kingdom,with 80 species.The second is 41 Palaearctic species,and the third is 19 widely distributed species.In terms of residence type,75 species are resident birds,33 species are winter migratory birds,and 32 species are summer migratory birds.(2)Key protected birds:20 species of birds are the second-class key protected wild animals;There are 72 species of birds as the local key protected wild animals in Hunan Province.There are 95 species of terrestrial wildlife that are "beneficial or of important economic or scientific research value under state protection";36 species of birds belong to the protection of Hu migratory birds stipulated in the "Sino-Japanese Migratory Bird Protection Agreement";There are 11 species of birds under the protection of migratory birds under the Sino-Australian Migratory Bird Protection Agreement.(3)Seasonal differences of bird diversity:Through the comparative analysis of bird diversity in different seasons,we found that the dynamics of bird diversity in four seasons were as follows:from the comparison of species number,summer>autumn>winter>spring;In terms of individual number,winter>autumn>summer>spring;From the diversity index,summer>spring>autumn>winter;From the uniformity index,spring>summer>autumn>winter;From the perspective of dominance index,it is the highest in winter and the lowest in spring.(4)The diversity of birds varies in different habitats:The research on the wetland park is divided into river wetland,lake wetland,flood plains,beaches,needle broad-leaved forest,shrubs,farmland,village of 8 kinds of habitat,carries on the analysis comparison of eight kinds of habitat diversity of birds,the highest diversity index,forest birds residential birds diversity index,evenness index was the lowest forest land,birds lake reservoir is highest,that residential area due to the effect of artificial factor,bird richness is lowest,and nine of the goddess of river habitat types is given priority to with forest and wetlands,forest birds and wetland birds in species number and diversity are the dominant.(5)Restoration measures for bird habitats:According to the birds and habitat relationships within the study area,combining with the bird habitat environment evaluation analysis,combined with the correlation analysis of birds and habitat selection,will be the habitat of birds diversity and wetland park compatibility analysis,and then,within the area of habitat restoration put forward the corresponding strategies,including:(a)Implementation of the project of converting farmland to forest and wet land;(b)the recovery of water,water quality purification in wetland park;(c)Construction of special bird habitat forest;(d)restore the nesting environment.Through the investigation and study of bird species diversity system in wetland park,this paper not only makes up the blank state of the investigation of birds in Jiuyi valley of Ningyuan county,but also provides the evaluation foundation for the conservation of wetland biodiversity,rational utilization of wetland resources and ecological environment evaluation of wetland.It has a strong reference value for further strengthening the research and protection of wetland birds in Ningyuan County of Hunan province.