Automatic liquid level detection and refill in a container using ultrasonic module

The need to conserve water has increased with adverse weather conditions due to global warming. The proposed embedded system model provides an economical method in preventing unmonitored water loss from storage facilities. The model consists of an ultrasonic level controller that is interfaced with a microcontroller. Using sonar, the delay between the transmitted and received signals is used for finding the liquid level. When the level of a liquid falls below a certain point, the pump automatically starts and continues pumping until the required liquid level is reached. The pump operates using the signals received from a microcontroller and uses a relay mechanism. A step down transformer, a bridge rectifier, a capacitive filter, and a voltage regulator convert the AC to DC voltage level of +5v to operate both the microcontroller and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). Results show the level measurement is unaffected by the physical properties of a liquid.