Research On The Reform Of Rural Collective Property Rights System In Underdeveloped Areas

The reform of rural collective property rights system is the key for China to deepen rural reform in an all-round way.The pilot reforms in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangdong and other developed areas have attracted a large number of scholars to follow up on them,and achieved a lot of research results.Due to the huge differences in the level of rural collective economic development between the central and western regions and the eastern coastal areas,the pilot reform experience in developed areas can not accurately guide the implementation of reform in traditional rural areas.Under this background,it is necessary to study and analyze the pilot reform in underdeveloped areas,so as to explore a path for the reform of rural collective property rights system,which is suitable for most of the central and western regions.Based on the property rights theory,institutional change theory and principal-agent theory,this paper reviews the history of the institutional changes of rural collective property rights.Since the founding of the people's Republic of China,China's rural collective property rights system has gone through four stages of establishment,development,adjustment and reform.The agricultural cooperation in the first stage and the people's commune movement in the second stage are typical models of compulsory institutional change,and the government has played a core role in promoting institutional innovation;the third stage of the household contract system reform gradually presents an induced way of institutional change;the fourth stage is the current rural collective property rights system reform.The reform has taken the lead in practice in developed areas and began to be popularized throughout the country in 2016.Through a detailed follow-up survey of F Town,Yuzhou City,Henan Province,a pilot project in underdeveloped areas,it is found that the process or steps of rural collective property right system reform in underdeveloped areas are roughly the same as those in developed areas.The order is the preliminary preparation,that is,the division of the responsibility for reform,the verification of assets,the verification of the total amount of assets,the confirmation of members to define the owner of property rights,the quantification of shares to determine the distribution of income,and the establishment of organizations to form the main body of the market.However,the relevant practical results show that there are great differences in some aspects between the underdeveloped areas and the developed areas,such as the verification of the scale and proportion of operating assets is relatively small;in the process of stock conversion,the proportion of collective shares is relatively high.Based on the empirical analysis of villagers' satisfaction,that is,the overall reform effect from the four dimensions of individual endowment,collective characteristics,participation and procedural characteristics,it is found that there are the following problems in the reform of rural collective property rights system in F town.that is,the compulsory institutional change leads to the low degree of villagers' participation,the principal-agent leads to the loss of collective assets,the development of collective economy is restricted regardless of politics and economy,and the reform becomes a mere formality.Based on the above problems,the feasible countermeasures to continue to promote the reform of the property right system in underdeveloped areas include strengthening the propaganda and interpretation of policies to protect the informed rights and interests of villagers,strengthening organizational leadership and effectively protecting collective assets;deepening the distinction between the central functions of village committees and collective economic organizations;quantifying assessment indicators to promote thorough reform.