New Institutional Economics Study On The Logic And Innovation Development Of Rural Collective Property Rights System Reform In China

As an important part of deepening rural reform,the rural collective property right system reform is another institutional change after the household contract management system in China.By the end of2020,nearly 80% of the country has completed the core task of rural collective property system reform,and the remaining 20% of the rural areas without reform will be completed in 2021.So what is the primary solution to the rural collective property rights system reform? What are the internal logic and characteristics of its reform? What is the way? Rural reform is only a means,and the development of collective economy is the ultimate goal.Where is the space for innovation and the development of reform? Facing the above problems,this study tries to explain from the perspective of new institutional economics theory and provides a theoretical basis for deepening the rural collective property rights system reform,and provides practical guidance for the sustainable innovation and development of the rural collective economy at the grass-roots level.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the logic and innovation of rural collective property system reform systematically and deeply.Based on the author's field investigation of 18 counties(cities and districts)in 11 provinces(cities)from 2018 to 2020,the author uses various forms of data obtained through discussion,in-depth interviews,and field visits.Using the methods of social investigation,case analysis and hierarchical structure model of property rights,the main contents: first,it analyzes the rural collective property right system reform from the perspective of bureaucracy.Second,explain the logic and characteristics of property rights system reform.Based on the investigation of 18 counties(cities,districts)in 11provinces(cities),this paper explains the logic and characteristics of this round of property rights system reform(after 2015)from the aspects of assets appraisal,asset quantification,member definition and the whole process of pilot.Third,the rural collective property rights system reform.Based on the theoretical framework of institutional change and taking Yuyang District of Yulin City in Shaanxi Province and Lai'an county of Chuzhou City in Anhui Province as typical cases,this paper analyzes the mode of property right system reform.Fourth,the rural collective property rights system reform innovation development path,namely the development of new collective economy new way.Taking Gaoling district in Shaanxi Province and other four areas as an example,this paper focuses on the innovative development path of "joint venture system" in the reform of rural collective property rights system.The main conclusions are as follows:First,the nested rule system and its two-way interaction mechanism of rural collective assets show that the ownership of rural collective assets should be clarified first in the rural collective property system reform.Based on the hierarchical theory of property rights,it is found that:(1)the hierarchical rules of property rights constitute a "nested system" in the rural collective property rights system reform.Through the two-way mechanism of positive promotion and negative feedback,a dynamic virtuous circle system is formed to promote the rural collective property rights system reform.(2)There are differences in the hierarchical structure of property rights between rural collective operating assets and rural collective resource assets.Second,the the property right system reform is to check the assets-to determine the subject of the assets-to distribute the shares to people in the form of equity-to establish the rural collective economy.The internal logic is the membership of collective organization and the capitalization of collective assets.The capital(property)goes with the members and the members go with the shares.(1)Defining members: defining the main body of property right system reform.(2)The most fundamental step in the property right system reform is to check assets and capital.The property right system reform has the characteristics of deep goal and task structure,flexible policies and systematic evaluation system.However,we can not ignore the possibility of "side effects" caused by "policy potential difference" in the way of policy pilot.Third,Institutional environment is an important factor affecting the institutional change of rural collective property rights.The dynamic change of institutional environment leads to the generation of "potential benefits",which provides the possibility for institutional innovation.The multi-level subject cooperation structure determines the height and quality of rural collective property right system reform.The multi-level participants,especially the primary action groups,realize the new balance of the rural collective property right system through a series of operations,such as identifying the "potential benefits",judging the cost and benefits of institutional change,and choosing the way of institutional change,so as to obtain the "potential benefits".Multi level subjects participate in the reform of property right system,and each subject performs its own duties and cooperates efficiently.On the one hand,it completes the task of property right system reform with high quality;On the other hand,"capture" the most institutional performance.According to the experience and the different position in the structure,the sensitivity to the degree and reason of the imbalance of rural collective property rights system is different,so as to form a differentiated mode of institutional change.This study uses Yang Ruilong et al.(2000)and Wu Hongyu(2004)for reference to analyze the reform mode of rural collective property system in the two regions.The reform of rural collective property right system in Yuyang District belongs to compound type;The reform of rural collective property right system in Laian county belongs to a single type.Fourth,the key to the innovation and development of the rural collective property right system reform(that is,the development of the new collective economy)is to break through the closeness of the village(Group)itself.The premise is that the ownership of the property right is clear,the collective assets form a scale effect by means of replacement or integration,and the scale effect and policy inclination form a siphon effect to attract social enterprises to settle in,And the rural assets in the form of shares to join the leading agricultural enterprises,village(Group)and village(Group)cooperation,village enterprise joint construction,poverty alleviation and development and other ways to jointly develop the collective economy.The innovation of rural collective property right system makes rural areas form economic growth pole in a broad sense,and drives economic development through diffusion effect and siphon effect.However,there are some deficiencies in the four innovation development modes.Other regions should consider the fit of the actual situation and the selected model comprehensively in order to give full play to the advantages of various models.According to the above points,the policy enlightenment is drawn: to clarify the legal status of rural collective economic organizations and strengthen the role of collective organizations;to build a dynamic policy support system to give full play to the spillover effect of property rights system reform;to carry out supporting reforms in an all-round way to form the linkage effect of rural comprehensive reform;to deepen the rural collective property rights system reform,and transform the advantages of collective property rights system into governance efficiency.