| Around the end of the Second World War,the press freedom movement initiated by the United States developed rapidly around the world.It is worth noting that in China,the press freedom movement has also received active support from the Kuomintang,among which the Kuomintang 's highest party newspaper,the Central Daily News,is its initiator.Why should the Kuomintang,which has always emphasized power concentration and news control,launched such a press freedom campaign with the central core of advocating press freedom in its top party newspaper,the Central Daily News? This dissertation intends to explore this issue.Around this issue,this dissertation is divided into four chapters.The first chapter introduces the emergence and development of the press freedom movement in the United States and China.Before and after the end of the Second World War,a press freedom movement began with a resolution of the American Newspaper Editors Association,in a special international situation.The social ideological trend called for by the US press developed into a government policy led by the US government,and finally developed into an international movement under the leadership of the United Nations that affected many countries;in China,the academic,press,and political circles of the Republic of China also participated in this vigorous movement: scholars wrote papers to study press freedom thoughts,and academics established specialized societies to research press freedom;the political community paid attention to the press freedom movement;"Central Daily","Xinhua Daily","Ta Kung Pao" and other influential newspapers reported on the press freedom movement and promoted the idea of press freedom.The second chapter focuses on the Central Daily report on the press freedom movement.Through research,it was found that the Central Daily in this period gave full coverage and enthusiastic support to the press freedom movement.Specifically,the news edition of the Central Daily News presented the whole process of the development of its movement at home and abroad;the speech edition praised it and welcomed it in China;the supplement edition,that is to say,the bi-weekly "Journal" started from the establishment of the Chinese version of the idea of press freedom,and made efforts to demonstrate the rationality and necessity of China's press freedom movement.The third chapter examines the reasons for the "Central Daily" 's active coverage and enthusiastic support of the press freedom movement.This issue is explained in terms of political needs,public opinion,and the personal influence of the host.This dissertation finds that,first of all,the political need to seek US assistance promoted the Central Daily to support the press freedom movement;secondly,during this period,the Chinese press strongly advocated the press freedom movement and enthusiastically called for the realization of press freedom.Central Daily replied to this general trend of public opinion;in the end,Ma Xingye,then president of the Central Daily News,harbored the idea of press freedom,and with his devotion,the support and reporting of the Central Daily News on the press freedom movement was strengthened and sustained.Chapter 4 discusses the reasons why the press freedom movement is bound to fail.Since the Central Daily reported and supported it under a certain international background and social environment,it was a helpless move to meet the real needs of the Kuomintang.Therefore,it is destined to fail.First of all,the nature of the Kuomintang 's authoritarian and centralized party is completely opposite to the core connotations of press freedom and freedom of speech advocated by the press freedom movement.This is the root cause of its inevitable failure under the leadership of the Kuomintang;secondly,the Kuomintang 's support for it could not meet the needs of the Kuomintang 's anti-communist fighting during this period;finally,the collective “left turn” of private newspapers in 1948 forced the Kuomintang to shrink its speech space,which meant that the Kuomintang naturally gave up its support for the press freedom movement,and this movement gradually became silent. |
PDF Full Text Request