Research On Energy-efficient Routing Protocols In Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Accompanied by swept wave of the Internet of Things(IOT).The wireless sensor networks have always been a research hotspot in the field of wireless communication with its unique technological advantages,as a bridge connecting the three worlds of human society,natural materials and information field.The design of routing protocols for wireless sensor networks is one of the important branches of wireless sensor networks research.Affected by the limited energy of the nodes,it is much necessary to reaserach an energy-saving protocol,which can enable to send the perceived information to the sink node with lower energy consumption,so as to achieve balanced energy consumption and prolong the life of the network.Numbers of key issues have been discussed with energy efficiency in this paper,with the four-layer heterogeneous wireless sensor network as the research background.Mainly for the following aspects: Aiming at the insufficiency of homogeneous wireless sensor network energy,its cluster distribution is uneven,cluster head election randomness and cluster head single-hop mechanism,two novel protocols are submitted.Firstly,Enhanced Balanced Energy Efficient Network-Integrated SuperHeterogeneous Routing Protocol(E-BEENISH)by analyzing communication energy consumption of the clusters and large range of energy levels in heterogeneous WSNs.It is based on weighted election probabilities of each node to become a cluster head according to the remaining energy and the distance from sink to node.Moreover,we also study the impact of heterogeneity of nodes in terms of energy.Studying the sensitivity of stable election protocol,we conclude heterogeneity parameters capturing energy imbalance in the network,and found that E-BEENISH yields the longer stability region for suitable weights of energy and distance.The second is Genetic Algorithm Inter-Cluster Multi-hop Energy Balance Routing Protocol(GA-ICMH).Considering the delay to select the cluster head in the clustering phase.In the stable transmission phase,the cluster head to the sink node(base station)single-hop direct communication mechanism is improved.A communication link with the least energy consumption between the cluster head and the base station have selected.The simulations show that E-BEENISH and GA-ICMH can improve system lifetime by an order of magnitude,increase throughput and reduce energy consumption compared to that obtained using present clustering protocols,which is crucial for many applications.