Research On Energy Balanced Strategy In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network has the characteristics of low cost,easy deployment,good real-time performance,and high reliability.It is widely used in many fields.The wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes with energy sensing,data communication,and storage and forwarding functions in a self-organizing manner,and conducts comprehensive information monitoring in the deployment area.The energy of sensor nodes is limited,and traditional routing protocols will cause premature node aging in practical applications,which will affect the overall performance of the network.Therefore,designing a routing protocol for wireless sensor networks with balanced energy consumption is an effective way to rationally utilize network resources.This thesis mainly studies the energy balance strategy of wireless sensor networks,focusing on the network clustering protocol,and improving the problem of uneven energy consumption in the traditional network clustering protocol,and proposes an improved K-means clustering algorithm based on the replacement strategy.This algorithm first divides all nodes in the network into multiple initial clusters of the same size,searches for nodes in the network through mutual replacement between clusters and cluster nodes,and calculates the distance between the member node and the cluster head,and the cluster head and base station.The cluster head position is dynamically adjusted according to the clustering degree of the node,and the data transmission distance of the nodes in the cluster is shortened.The purpose is to elect the node with the best performance in the cluster to serve as the cluster.First,balance the energy consumption in the network.The simulation experiment results show that the protocol makes the energy consumption in the system more balanced,the working state of the nodes is stable,and effectively extends the service life of the network.This thesis also proposes a non-uniform clustering routing protocol based on genetic clustering algorithm,which effectively alleviates the high energy consumption overhead of cluster head nodes close to the base station in a multi-hop data transmission network.The problem of premature decay of nodes.The protocol first determines the optimal number of clusters in the network,and then constructs a set of candidate cluster heads and initial populations,and uses the idea of genetic algorithm to perform a search to determine the best cluster head node.At the same time,the cluster size is restricted by setting the cluster head weight to achieve the design goal of non-uniform clustering.The cluster head within the direct communication radius of the network will directly communicate with the base station,and the other cluster heads will choose the neighbor cluster head with the least communication cost as the relay node for multi-hop transmission.The simulation experiment results show that the protocol effectively alleviates the premature aging phenomenon in the multi-hop network,and the energy consumption of the nodes in the system is balanced,which meets the design requirements of the wireless sensor network routing protocol.