Teach-back Method Combined With Self-regulated Learning Theory Of Health Education In Elderly Patients With Hypertension In Community

ObjectiveThis study explored the impact of the health education model of Teach-back method combined with self-regulated learning theory on the physiological indicators,hypertension-related knowledge,self-efficacy,self-management behavior,and active aging level of elderly hypertensive patients in the community,aiming to further promote the health education model of Teach-back method combined with self-regulated learning theory,so as to achieving the purpose of improving the blood pressure level and quality of life of elderly hypertensive patients in the community,and reducing the economic pressure and care burden of families and society.MethodsThis study was a kind of quasi-experimental study which used the convenience sampling method,two community health service centers under the jurisdiction of Qingyang District and Longquanyi District of Chengdu were selected as research sites.Taking the community as the unit,the lottery method was adopted and randomly divided into test group and control group.By simple random sampling,elderly patients with chronic disease who have established chronic disease files in two community health service centers and meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected as the research subjects,with 60 cases each in the test group and the control group,a total of 120 cases.The control group implemented the community health education model,and the test group implemented the health education model based on the Teach-back method combined with self-regulated learning theory.Before and 3 months after intervention,we used physiological indicators,hypertension-related knowledge scores,hypertension self-efficacy scores,hypertension self-management behavior scores,and active aging scale for the two groups.And repeated analysis of variance and comparison of physiological indicators and self-management behavior were performed before intervention,3 months afterintervention,and 6 months after intervention.SPSS 24.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis of the data.All tests were performed using a two-sided test.The test level a =0.05,and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.SPSS 24.0statistical software was used to analyze all he data,the test level a=0.05,and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 120 elderly patients with hypertension in the community were included in this study,with 60 in each of the test group and the control group.During the intervention process,2 patients fell out of the test group and 3 patients were excluded from the control group.Therefore,115 elderly patients with hypertension in the communities were included in this study,58 in the test group and 57 in the control group.1.Comparison of baseline data between the two groups of patientsBefore the intervention,there were no significant differences in the general conditions,disease status,physiological indicators,hypertension-related knowledge scores,self-efficacy,self-management,and active aging between the two groups(P>0.05),which were comparable.2.Comparison in Physiological Indicators of the two groups of patientsThe comparison results between groups showed that: the differences of the blood pressure levels of two groups after 3 and 6 months of intervention were statistically significant(P<0.05),and the blood pressure levels in the test group were lower than those in the control group;Besides,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in BMI values after 3 and 6 months of intervention(P>0.05).The comparison results within the group showed that:(1)the blood pressure levels of the test group after 3 and 6 months of intervention were lower than those before intervention,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);Meanwhile,there were no statistically significant differences in BIM values at each time point(P>0.05);(2)Simultaneously,there were no statistically significant differences in the blood pressure levels and BMI values of the control group at each timepoint(P>0.05).3.Comparison in Scores of Hypertension Related Knowledge of the two groups of patientsThe comparison results between groups showed that: the differences of scores of hypertension related knowledge in two groups after 3 and 6 months of intervention were statistically significant(P<0.05),and the scores in the test group were higher than those in the control group.The comparison results within the group showed that: the scores of hypertension related knowledge of the test group after 3 months of intervention were higher than those before intervention,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);Besides,in the control group,there were no statistically significant differences in scores of hypertension related knowledge before and after the intervention(P>0.05).4.Comparison in Self-Efficacy of the two groups of patientsThe comparison results between groups showed that: there were statistically significant differences in the total scores of self-efficacy and the scores of compliance,daily life,and medication behavior after 3 months of intervention between the two groups(P<0.05),and the scores of the test group were higher than those of the control group,while there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of the healthy behavior(P>0.05).The comparison results within the group showed that: there were statistically significant differences in the total scores of self-efficacy and the scores of compliance,daily life,and medication behavior before and after 3 months of intervention in the test group(P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of the healthy behavior(P>0.05);Meanwhile,there were no statistically significant differences in the total scores of self-efficacy and the scores in all dimensions before and after the intervention in the control group(P>0.05).5.Comparison in Self-Management of the two groups of patientsThe comparison results between groups showed that: there were statistically significant differences in the total scores of self-management and the scores of drug administration,condition monitoring,diet management,work and rest management,and emotional management after 3 and 6 months of intervention between the two groups(P<0.05),and the scores of the test group were higher than those of the control group,while there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of exercise management(P>0.05).The comparison results within the group showed that:(1)The total scores of self-management and the scores of all dimensions except for that of exercise management after 3 months of intervention in the test group were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05);(2)Besides,the total scores of self-management and the scores of all dimensions except for that of exercise management after 6 months of intervention in the test group were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05);(3)Meanwhile,there were no statistically significant differences in the total scores of self-efficacy and the scores in all dimensions in the control group before and after the intervention(P>0.05).6.Comparison in Active Aging of the two groups of patientsThe comparison results between groups showed that: there were statistically significant differences in the total scores of active aging and the scores of self-care ability,developing spiritual wisdom,maintaining healthy lifestyles and active learning after 3 months of intervention between the two groups(P<0.05),moreover,the scores of the test group were higher than those of the control group;While there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of active integration,establishment of economic security and consolidating the family relationship between the two groups(P>0.05).The comparison results within the group showed that: the total scores of active aging and the scores of self-care ability,active integration,developing spiritual wisdom,maintaining healthy lifestyles and active learning in the test group after 3months of intervention were higher than those before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of establishment of economic security and consolidating the family relationship(P>0.05);Meanwhile,there were no statistically significant differences in the total scores of active aging and the scores in all dimensions in thecontrol group before and after the intervention(P>0.05).ConclusionsThe Teach-back method combined with the self-regulated learning theory of health education model,on the one hand,can effectively improve the disease knowledge level of elderly hypertensive patients in the community,improve self-efficacy and self-management ability,promote the transformation of patients' health behavior,and reduce family care burden;on the other hand,by helping patients to establish a correct understanding of the disease,so that they can actively participate in disease management,it will help to promote the active ageing of patients,and alleviate the pressure on society's economy and care.