Survey On Health Literacy,Lifestyle And Eating Habits Of Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

Objective: To evaluate the relationships between health literacy and lifestyle,eating habits of acute myocardial infarction patients in order to provide a basis for the improvement of health literacy level of acute myocardial infarction.Method: From May 2016 to May 2017,400 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the emergency department of affiliated hospital of chengde medical university were selected.The general characteristics,lifestyle and dietary habits of patients were surveyed.The three-item Short Literacy Survey was used.The relationship between basic health literacy and lifestyle and dietary habits in patients with acute myocardial infarction were investigated.Results:1.The majority of patients with acute myocardial infarction are male(74.0%),and most of them are aged between 50 and 70 and retired.Nearly 40 percent of patients with acute myocardial infarction have a history of cerebrovascular accidents,about one third have diabetes,and about a quarter have hypertension.2.The basic health literacy level of patients with acute myocardial infarction is low,53.50% of them lack basic health literacy.The higher the age,the lower the education level,the lower the basic health literacy level of patients(P < 0.05).3.The results of the basic health literacy survey of patients with acute myocardial infarction of different ages and educational levels show that patients older than 60 years old and less educated in junior middle school often lack confidence in filling out medical forms.They have always needed help to understand the written medical information,and then need more help.4.The lifestyle survey of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)found that most of the patients in AMI were "smoking in the past,not smoking now","drinking in the past,not drinking now" and "unable to exercise due to health reasons".Occasionally,weight,blood pressure and blood lipid and blood sugar were monitored.The average score of basic health literacy in different lifestyles of patients with acute myocardial infarction showed that the scores of smokers,alcoholic drinkers,patients who did not like exercise and those who did not have the habit of monitoring body weight,blood pressure and blood lipid and blood sugar were significantly lower than those in other situations.5.The dietary habits of patients with acute myocardial infarction are mainly the frequency of eating vegetables "more than two times a day" and the frequency of eating fruits "one time a day".The patients' taste is "slightly salty".The average score of health literacy of patients with different kinds of food intake showed that patients with high frequency of vegetable and fruit intake had higher level of health literacy(P < 0.05).6.Age,education level,smoking status,exercise status and intake frequency of vegetables and fruits were the factors affecting the score of basic health literacy in patients with acute myocardial infarction(P < 0.05).Conclusion: Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a common type of cardiovascular disease in clinic.By investigating the lifestyle,dietary habits and basic health literacy of patients with AMI,it was found that age,education level,smoking status,exercise status and eating habits of vegetables and fruits affect the basic health literacy of patients.The factors should be paid great attention to in clinical practice,aiming at improving the health literacy level of patients with acute myocardial infarction to prevent acute myocardial infarction more effectively.