The Effect And Mechanism Of Psychological Capital Intervention On Higher Vocational College Nursing Students' Professional Commitment And Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy

Objective To investigate the current situation of higher vocational college nursing students' psychological capital,social support,professional commitment and career decision-making self-efficacy,and analyze the relationship among them.To explore the mediating effect of psychological capital on social support,professional commitment and career decision-making self-efficacy.Based on the psychological capital intervention(PCI)model,vocational nursing students were trained in psychological capital intervention to improve their psychological capital,professional commitment and career decision-making self-efficacy.Besides it provides a basis for nursing educators to introduce "psychological capital" into nursing vocational education and thus improve professional quality and career decision-making ability of higher vocational nursing students.Methods Investigation study: a stratified random sampling method was adopted,340three-year higher vocational nursing students of a vocational college were selected as the research object,and the general data questionnaire,Positive Psychological capital Questionnaire(PPQ),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Nursing Professional Commitment Scale(NPCS)and Career Decision Making Self-efficacy Scale(CDMSE)were used to investigate.Using EpiData3.1 software to establish database,SPSS22.0software for statistical analysis of data,and AMOS24.0 to build structural equation model;the statistical methods used are descriptive statistics,single factor ANOVA,chisquare test,t test,multiple linear regression analysis,Pearson correlation analysis,Bootstrap mediation effect analysis and so on.Intervention study: three-year nursing students who met the inclusion criteria were selected as the subjects.According to the random number table,they were divided into the control group(n=50)and the intervention group(n=50).Routine teaching and management were carried out among the control group only,while the intervention group received psychological capital intervention training for 7 weeks.The psychological capital,professional commitment and career decision-making self-efficacy of nursing students were measured both before and after intervention,and the effect of intervention was evaluated.SPSS22.0 software was used for data statistical-analysis,and statistical methods adopt independent sample t test and paired sample t test.Results Investigation study:(1)the total score of three-year higher vocational nursing students' psychological capital(123.09±18.78)was above the average;the total score of social support(38.02±5.81)was higher than the norm;the total score of professional commitment(98.01 ± 12.90)was slightly above the middle level;the total score of career decision-making self-efficacy(116.56±28.24)showed that vocational nursing students have some difficulties in career decision-making.(2)multiple regression analysis showed that whether relatives were engaged in medical-related professions,whether the nursing profession was the first choice,whether the student has ever been a cadre and social support were factors affecting higher vocational nursing students' psychological capital(P < 0.05);at the same time,social support and psychological capital were the influencing factors of higher vocational nursing students' professional commitment and career decision-making self-efficacy(P < 0.05).(3)there were significant positive correlations among social support,psychological capital,professional commitment and career decision-making self-efficacy of the higher vocational nursing students.(r=0.238~0.640,P<0.01).Social support acts onprofessional commitment through multiple mediating effects of psychological capital and career decision-making self-efficacy,with the mediating effect value was 0.243 and the effect amount was 100%.Social support plays a role in career decision-making self-efficacy through the partly mediated effect of psychological capital,with the mediating effect value was 0.253 and the effect amount was 60.8%.Intervention study: after the psychological capital intervention training,the scores of psychological capital and all dimensions(except "resilience" dimension)were better than those of the control group,with statistically significant difference(P< 0.01).the scores of professional commitment and professional effort intention of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant difference(P< 0.01);the scores of career decision-making self-efficacy and all dimensions were better than those of the control group,with statistically significant difference(P< 0.01).In the intervention group,after the intervention,the scores of psychological capital and all dimensions(except "resilience" dimension)were significantly improved(P< 0.01),the scores of professional commitment,career decision-making self-efficacy and all dimensions were significantly improved(P <0.01).Conclusion(1)The psychological capital of three-year vocational nursing students is slightly above the middle level;the overall situation of social support goes well;the professional commitment is at the middle level;the level of career decision-making self-efficacy is slightly below the average,suggesting some difficulties of vocational nursing students in vocational decision-making.(2)There were significant positive correlations among psychological capital,social support,professional commitment and career decision-making self-efficacy of higher vocational nursing students.(3)Psychological capital and career decision-making self-efficacy play multiple mediating roles between social support and professional commitment.Psychological capital plays a partial mediating role between social support and career decision-making self-efficacy.(4)The psychological capital intervention training based on PCI model can effectively improve higher vocational nursing students' psychological capital,professional commitment and career decision-making self-efficacy.