| Based on the Guangdong-Guangxi-Hainan regions of China as the study area,including three provincial administrative units:Guangdong province,Guangxi province and Hainan province.The spatial proximity and regional differences of the three provinces coexist.In 15 years span for 2000-2015,based on demographic data,health resource data and health data to study the spatio-temporal evolution of health resources level and population health level from scales of provinces and cities by the spatial statistics and analysis in ArcGIS,the spatial autocorrelation in GeoDa,the econometric statistics and analysis in Excel and SPSS.The relationship between two of them is studied through spatial coupling analysis,correlation analysis and regression analysis.In order to provide reference for the rational allocation of medical and health resources and the improvement of population health level in this area.The results showed that:(1)The number of medical institutions,medical institutions beds,medical health technical personnel in Guangdong-Guangxi-Hainan regions of China all showed a growing trend.The distribution pattern of each index of health resources is consistent,that is,there is a larger spatial difference.The high value areas of medical and health resources per capita and per unit ground are generally stable in Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Zhuhai,Zhongshan,Dongguan and Foshan in the Pearl River Delta region,and the range is gradually expanding.The low value area of medical and health resources per capita has been narrowed down continuously,which is concentrated in Jieyang and Shantou,and the low value areas of the medical and health resources per unit ground are stable in the area of Baise,Hechi and Chongzuo in the West.(2)The level of health resources in Guangdong-Guangxi-Hainan regions of China is continuing to increase,at the provincial level,Guangxi is in the lead in growth but the highest level of health resources per capita is Hainan province and is highest in Guangdong province per unit ground;at the city scale,the cluster type of "HH" of health resource level per capita and unit ground were both stable in the Pearl River Delta(Guangzhou,Dongguan,Shenzhen,Zhongshan,Foshan,Zhuhai).The cluster type of "LL" of health resources level per capita was distributed in the region of Hezhou-Wuzhou-Yulin-Maoming,and the cluster type of "LL"of health resources level per unit ground was narrowed and concentrated in Hechi-Liuzhou-Guilin-Hezhou in the north of Guangxi province.(3)The development of health indicators in Guangdong-Guangxi-Hainan regions of China are obviously different,but the life expectancy of the three provinces are increasing continuously,and infant mortality,maternal mortality are decreasing.The largest increase in life expectancy is Guangxi Province and Hainan is the highest life expectancy province.Cities with higher life expectancy are concentrate in the Pearl River Delta region(Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Zhuhai and other cities)and Liuzhou,Nanning.Beihai and Zhuhai have always been the high-value center in this area,cities with lower life expectancy are mainly concentrated in the northwest which centered on Baise and Qingyuan,Zhaoqing,Yunfu Yangjiang area and Shantou,Chaozhou in the East,and the scope is narrowing;The infant mortality rate has fallen most in Guangxi but is lowest in Guangdong.Cities with lower infant mortality are scattered in the eastern part of Guangdong(Chaozhou,Shantou),the northern(Heyuan,Qingyuan)and the West(Yunfu,Jiangmen).The high rate of infant mortality is concentrated in Baise,Hechi,Hezhou and Wuzhou in the Midwest;The largest maternal mortality rate is Hainan Province,and Guangdong Province is the lowest.Cities with low maternal mortality are mainly concentrated in Jiangmen,Zhaoqing,Qingyuan,Huizhou and other cities around the Pearl River Delta.The rate is relatively high in the cities as the center with Liuzhou and the scope is increasing,(4)Population health level in this region are continued to rise,the largest growth in health is Hainan Province and the health level of Guangdong Province is the highest.The areas with higher health levels are not stable but the cluster type of "HH" of population health level was stable in the Pearl River Delta(Shenzhen,Zhuhai,Guangzhou)on the whole.The cluster type of "LL" of population health level was distributed in Hechi,Laibin,and the scope is narrowed.(5)In general,the level of health resources in Guangdong-Guangxi-Hainan regions of China is significantly related to the population health level.In the long run,the relationship between the level of medical health resources per captia and the population health level is more significant and it contributed more to the population level.The correlation between the number of medical health institutions bed,and health technical personnel and the population health level was higher,among which the correlation with life expectancy is the best.The contribution of the health institution bed per capita to the population health level and the health index was the greatest.The positive effect of health resources on the population health level was only in a certain range.(6)In order to improve the population health level in this area,we should focus on the balanced allocation of health resources among regions,improve the number of health institutions in medical per capita especially the beds of medical and health institutions.We should not only pay more attention to the growth of the number of medical and health resources,but also pay attention to the impact of resource quality and other natural and socio-economic factors to promote the improvement of the population health level continuously. |
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