The Influence Of Unbalanced Allocation Of Medical And Health Resources Between Urban And Rural Areas On The Difference Of Residents’ Health Level In China

China has been deepening the reform of medical and health system for many years and has made great progress and remarkable results.However,the structure of medical and health resources is unreasonable,the distribution is not balanced,and the capacity of grass-roots service is still weak.It has become an indisputable fact that the allocation of resources between urban and rural medical and health institutions at all levels is unreasonable.The allocation gap between urban and rural areas is not only harmful to fairness and efficiency,but also not conducive to the common pursuit of health of urban and rural residents.The "healthy China Strategy" put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping reflects the great importance that the Party and the state attach to the health of people.In order to realize this strategy,it is inevitable to solve the imbalance of the allocation of medical and health resources between urban and rural areas,and gradually reduce the difference of basic health service and health level between urban and rural population.Moreover,the principal social contradictions in our country have also been translated into "the contradiction between the growing needs of the people for a better life and the uneven and inadequate development",which also reminds us that we must attach importance to the unbalanced development in the field of medical and health care.Only by balancing the development and the common health of urban and rural residents can we meet the growing needs of the people for a better life.In the part of theoretical analysis,this paper starts from the theory of feasible ability,thinks that compared with the urban residents,the rural residents belong to the relatively weak group,the feasible ability is seriously lacking,the opportunities for the urban residents and the rural residents to choose the health level are different,which directly affect the development of the health level of rural residents and exacerbates the health inequality of urban and rural residents.In the part of empirical analysis,this paper selects provincial panel data of 30provinces(excluding Tibet,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)from 2005 to 2015 in Chinese Yearbook of Health and Family Planning Statistics and China Statistical Yearbook.Based on the bidirectional fixed effect model,this paper empirically analyzes the effect of the imbalance of the allocation of medical and health resources in urban and rural areas on the difference of residents’ s health level in China.Independent variable selects the number of beds in medical and health institutions,practicing(assistant)doctors,registered nurses as the proxy variable of medical and health resources.Dependent variable selects the maternal mortality rate,infant mortality rate and under-five mortality rate as the proxy variables of the residents’ health level.The imbalance of resource allocation and the difference of health level were calculated by the method of Thiel index.Control variables are selected in terms of economy,education,population,health conditions,healthinsurance,environment,etc.In order to control the endogenous correlation,the regression analysis of the lag stage of the core independent variable is also carried out in this paper.Through theoretical and empirical analysis,this paper draws the following conclusions: first,the imbalance of the allocation of urban and rural health resources has a significant negative impact on the difference of residents health level.Secondly,the economic,medical insurance,sanitary conditions,urbanization,aging and health expenditure have a significant positive effect on the reduction of the health level of urban and rural residents,and environmental pollution,road mileage have significant negative effects on increasing the difference of health level between urban and rural residents.Therefore,this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions:strengthening the construction of registered nurses at the grass-roots level;improving the rationality and efficiency of the hospital bed input in rural hospitals;continuing to integrate urban and rural basic medical insurance system.