Study On Children's Mortality Status Under 5 Years In Rural Areas Of The Coastal City In Liaoning From 2011 To 2016

Objective:To understand the prevalence and tendency of mortality rate,and analyze the leading causes of death and the utilization of health care services brfore death in children under 5 years old in the coastal city of Liaoning from 2011 to 2016.The study aims to provide reference basis for reducing the death of children and protecting children's health.Methods:The death surveillance data of children under 5 years old in the coastal city of Liaoning rural areas from 2011 to 2016 was collected to analyze the tendency and the distribution of mortality under 5 years old,the sequence of the main cause of death,the utilization of health care services before death with descriptive statistic methods.Excel software was used for establish database and SPSS19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:The neonatal mortality rate,infant mortality rate,1~4 years old children mortality rate,and children under the age of five mortality rate of the coastal city of Liaoning rural areas in 2016 was 2.38‰,3.28‰,1.12‰and 4.41‰.Compared with2011,the average decline were 2.06%,12.53%,32.93%and 12.53%respectively.The age of children under 5 years old constitute 52.66%of newborns,77.03%of infants and22.97%of children aged 1-4 years.The difference in mortality among children under 5years of age was statistically significant(?~2=20.416,p<0.001).The first five deaths of children under 5 years old were due to premature birth or low birth weight,congenital heart disease,other pre-existing conditions,birth asphyxia and other neonatal diseases.The sequence of death cause changed over years,preterm birth and low birth weight,congenital heart disease and traffic accidents has always been in the first,two,three.Birth asphyxia death changed from the fourth to the fifth and pneumonia changed from fifth to fourth.From 2011 to 2016,the proportion of hospitalization,outpatient treatment and untreated treatment before death of children under 5 years old in the rural areas of the coastal city of Liaoning were 67.34%,12.66%and 20.00%.The pre-death diagnosis level was 58.28%,32.97%,5.94%,0.31%and 2.50%,respectively,in the provincial(city)level,county(district)level,township(street)level,village(level)level and the untreated proportion.The place of death was hospital,on the way and at home(47.66%,11.09%,41.25%).Conclusion:1.The overall mortality rate of children under 5 years old in the rural areas of the coastal city of Liaoning from 2011 to 2016 is decreasing.The mortality rates of newborns,infants,children aged 1 to 4 and children under 5 years old were 2.38‰,3.28‰,1.12‰and 4.41‰respectively.2.Infants(especially newborns)and boys are the most likely to die in children under five years of age.3.The sequence of top five cause of death changed,other neonatal diseases and other congenital anomalies became main cause in addition to preterm birth and low birth weight,congenital heart disease and traffic accidents and pneumonia.But preterm labor or low birth weight and congenital heart disease is still in the primary cause of death among children under the age of five.4.The proportion of untreated treatment,no diagnosis and deaths at home before death of children under 5 years old in the rural areas of the coastal city of Liaoning is higher than the other parts of the urban areas and rural areas.The area of rural children under the age of five die before the health care services utilization was poor.5.Attention should be paid to the health status of children aged 1-4 years and to improve their access to health care services while continuing to reduce infant deaths.