Analysis On Birth Defects And Death Causes Under 5-year-old Children In Shahekou District,dalian From 2014 To 2018

Objective:To analyze the characters and changing trends of perinatal birth defects,and the characters and tendency of the mortality and the sequences of death cause under 5 years old in Shahekou District,Dalian city from 2014 to 2018 in order to find the death causes under 5 years and related factors of birth defects.And to take effective measures to reduce the birth defects in Shahekou District Dalian and the mortality of children under 5-year-old,which can also provide the basis for improving the quality of population birth and life,and making maternal and child health care workMethods:The information of birth defects in perinatal babies and death of children under 5-years-old in Shahekou District Dalian city from 2014 to 2018 was obtained through the maternal and child system of Dalian City,birth defects monitoring and death monitoring report CARDS of children under 5 years old."Birth defects monitoring program in Liaoning province "was implemented to monitor perinatal birth defects,and the method of monitoring was based on hospital." Death surveillance program for children below 5-year-old in Liaoning province " was executed to monitor the death caused of children under 5 years old.The datum were analyzed by SPSS software after were collected and sorted out.Results:1.Current status analysis on birth defects of perinatal infants in Dalian City from 2014 to 2018The incidence rate of perinatal birth defects in the 5 years was 324.80/10,000,which was generally at a low level,lower than the domestic and high-income countries.Among them,the lowest incidence of birth defects in 2014 was 262.31/10,000,which may be related to the effective genetic testing technology at that time and the low early detection rate of birth defects.In 2015,the highest incidence of birth defects was 409.73/10,000.During 2015 to 2018,the incidence of birth defects was decreasing year by year.The top five perinatal birth defects were congenital heart disease,multiple fingers/toes,Down Syndrome,malformation of outer ear and cleft lip and palate,and the proportions were 20.68%,7.55%,3.72%,3.72%,3.39%.The top five diseases accounted for 40.48%of all birth defects.The incidence of perinatal birth defects in boys was 361.27/10,000,and that in girls was 285.86/10,000,which was significantly higher in boys than girls.The incidence of birth defects in boys was higher than that in girls.The group with the maternal age<20 years old had the highest incidence of birth defects(526.32/10,000),while the group of 20-34 years old,and the group?35 years old had no statistical variation in the incidence of birth defects.From 2014 to 2018,the incidence of single birth defects was 316.09/10,000,and the incidence of twin birth defects was 598.39/10,000.In addition,the incidence of single birth defects was lower than the incidence of twin and multiple birth defects.The total mortality rate of birth defects was 4.17‰,with children dying accounting for 9.85%of all birth defects.The incidence of birth defects in mothers with local household registration was 307.1/10,000;the incidence of birth defects in mothers with non-local household registration was 423.45/10,000;the incidence of birth defects in local household registration was significantly lower than that in non-local household registration2.Cause of death in children under 5 years old from 2014 to 2018 in Shahekou District,Dalian CityThe neonatal mortality rate was 2.91‰,the infant mortality rate was 3.73‰,the mortality rate of children aged 1?4 years was 0.82‰,and the mortality rate of children under 5 years old was 4.55‰.From 2014 to 2018,the infant mortality rate,infant mortality rate and the mortality rate of children under 5 years old showed a downward trend,with decreases of 76.48%,78.92%and 55.76%,respectively.In this area,64.06%of the deaths of children under 5 years old are newborns,82.03%are infants,and 17.97%are children between 1 and 4 years old.Among them,the proportion of infant deaths is the highest every year,reaching about 90%in 2017,and the lowest in 2018,accounting for 42.86%.The highest proportion of newborn deaths was 78.10%.The mortality of male neonates with the proportion 3.23‰ was higher than that of female neonates whose proportion was 2.57‰.The top five leading causes of death were preterm birth or low birth weight,other neonatal diseases,congenital heart diseases,birth asphyxia,and other tumors,with the proportions of 25.00%,10.00%,7.81%,7.03%,and 7.03%,respectively.The mortality rate of newborns of small and medium gestational age was significantly increased.The mortality rate of newborns less than 32 weeks was 263.47‰.With the increase of gestational age,the mortality rate significantly decreased,and the lowest mortality rate was 0.95‰.There was no significant statistical difference between the mortality of infants and children under 5 years old with local household registration and that without local household registration.The mortality of children below 5 years old showed no obvious diversity in different quarter.Conclusion:1.From 2014 to 2018,the total incidence of perinatal birth defects in Shahekou District Dalian City was lower than the national level and the mean level of global high-income countries.The incidence of birth defects in gender,maternal age,gravidity,residence,and other aspects was different.Perinatal birth defects were mainly congenital heart disease,multiple fingers/toes,Down Syndrome,malformation of outer ear and cleft lip and palate.2.Under-five mortality is lower than the national level.The infants are the most among the children died under 5 years old and the neonates are the most among infants.Among the top five main causes of death,congenital heart diseases and tumor causes were increased and birth asphyxia was decreased.Preterm birth or low birth weight is the leading cause of death in children under five years.The mortality rate of children under 5 years old varies in gender,gestational age and other aspects.