Research On Evaluation Of Primary School Layout Planning In Tianxin Of Changsha Based On Spatial Equity

In the process of rapid urbanization,high-quality primary and secondary education resources are concentrated in the old urban areas,while the education demand in the new urban areas just exceeds the population of the old urban areas.However,the construction of primary and secondary schools in new urban areas,especially the spatial unfairness of the relatively backward construction of primary schools,has led to "large-size class","school choice fever" and other prominent problems.Based on the concept of equalization of basic public service facilities,through the analysis of existing primary and secondary school layout planning and related technical specifications,according to the development and realization process of equity in compulsory education,three categories are constructed,which are educational opportunity balance,educational resource allocation and educational quality level,as well as ten categories of specific quantitative indicators,is constructed to realize the spatial equity of primary education resources.By using mathematical method and GIS spatial analysis method,the layout planning of primary and secondary schools in Changsha city and the current situation five years after the implementation of the plan were compared.Take the Tianxin District of Changsha as an example for evaluation and analysis,and the evaluation results are as follows:In terms of the distribution of education implementation,the construction of primary school facilities in the north of Tianxin district is relatively good and balanced,followed by the central part,and the southern part is the weakest.While from the aspect of quantity,the number of high-quality primary schools in Tianxin District is small and concentrated within the third ring road of the city,and there is no distribution in the peripheral areas.The results show that there is a big gap in the accessibility of primary school students in different regions.In terms of the balance of educational opportunities,the spatial distribution of general primary education facilities is unbalanced.The distribution of primary schools in the old town in the north is relatively concentrated,and the scope of primary school services overlaps a lot,followed by the built-up area in the middle.The new urban areas in the south are scattered and some areas are not covered by schools.However,the population development in the whole region shows a trend of increasing in the south and decreasing in the north.The primary education facilities in the south are even more inadequate,and there are obvious differences in school opportunities between different regions.In terms of the arrangement of education resources,there is a big difference between the teaching level of configuration and supply level between in Tianxin District which lead to the unreasonable education resources arrangement.On the one hand,the demonstration schools are overcrowded and the school space is obviously insufficient.on the other hand,a serious shortage of students results a waste of resources in the normal schools.In terms of education quality,the number of high-quality primary schools in Tianxin district is small,which are divided into different streets and distributed within the third ring road of the city.And there is no distribution in the peripheral areas.The situation indicates that the elementary school students in different regions have different access to quality primary education resources,and there is a big gap in the quality of education between schools.Finally,based on the above evaluation results and analysis,the principle of optimizing primary school layout based on spatial equity is put forward.From the macro level,it is important to improve the supply of education land and ensure the school supporting construction.From the middle level,it is proposed to carry out the prediction of the scale of the school population,and optimize the layout of different levels and districts.From the micro level,some Suggestions and measures are put forward,such as scientific adjustment of school layout,rational division of school districts,classification,optimization of school allocation and balanced allocation of high-quality resources.