Study On The Three-dimensional Design Of Architectural Open Space In Urban High-density Environment

Compact cities with high density have become an inevitable trend of the urbanization process around the world,resulting to the development of three-dimensional urban space,which is a coping strategy for the high-density environment.The high-density cities have also been vigorously developed in China while many urban problems have been emerging as a result of the accelerated and extensive development,of which the problem of urban public space is highlighted.With the current system of planning in China,the vitality of the urban public space gradually fades away because of the lack of connection among the elements of cities,which is called the “Urban Islands” phenomenon.On the other hand,due to the old mind set of some urban planners and architects,the design of urban and architecture still remains in the twodimensional scope,leading to the intensification of urban area and the inefficiency of urban operation.Based on the above backgrounds,the paper chooses the three-dimensional designed architectural open space as the research object,and studies on its development history,design strategies and construction mechanism in order to provide some practical suggestions for the improvement of the urban public space in China.By the moderate compactness of city,the urban high-density environment is conductive to the higher efficiency of urban operation,the wider sharing of public resources and the less consumption of energy.Sustainable development of cities demands the operation of multiple subjects,such as the policies,urban planning,urban design and architecture design.From the architectural subject,the three-dimensional architectural open space studied in this paper is not only a coping strategy to high-density environment,but also a solution to the lack of connection among the urban elements.In the first chapter,the research backgrounds,purpose,method and research framework are put forward.The domestic and foreign research status about the high-density urban environment theory,the architectural open space theory and the three-dimensional designing theory in urban and architecture are summarized.The second chapter focuses on the history of the threedimensional architectural open space’s development and the related concepts.The third chapter centers on the analysis of the three-dimensional architectural open space in different scales and presents the design goals and principles.The strategy of three-dimensional architectural open space design is expounded in the fourth chapter through four aspects: the connection with urban and architecture,the design of space form,the design of space structure,the guidance of activities.And the strategy is further clarified and tested by the case study of Nanking Art Museum Project in the sixth chapter.The construction mechanism is summarized in the fifth chapter.In the end,the conclusion is made in the last chapter based on the summary of the whole paper.The author proposes that the three-dimensional architectural open space should be designed from the perspective of urban design and sustainable development to make the urban public space open,connected and human-friendly.